Reconstruction:Proto-Celtic/marnati
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This Proto-Celtic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Celtic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *mr̥-né-h₂-ti, nasal infix present of *merh₂- (“to crumble, destroy”); if so, cognate with Ancient Greek μάρναμαι (márnamai, “to fight”) and possibly Sanskrit मृणाति (mṛṇāti, “to crumble”) and Old Norse merja (“to hit”),[1] though the latter two may have other etymologies.
Verb
[edit]*marnati
- to betray
Inflection
[edit]| Seṭ-root athematic present with stem ablaut, t-preterite | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Active voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *marnāmi | *marnamam | *mimrāsū | *miram |
| 2nd singular | *marnāsi | *marnatās | *mimrāsesi | *mirs |
| 3rd singular | *marnāti | *marnato | *mimrāseti | *mirt |
| 1st plural | *marnamosi | *marnamo | *mimrāsomosi | *mirme |
| 2nd plural | *marnatesi | *marnastē | *mimrāsetesi | *mirte |
| 3rd plural | *marnanti | *marnanto | *mimrāsonti | *mirant |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | *merasū | ? | — | |
| 2nd singular | *merasesi | ? | *marnā | |
| 3rd singular | *meraseti | ? | *marnātou | |
| 1st plural | *merasomosi | ? | *marnamos | |
| 2nd plural | *merasetesi | ? | *marnate | |
| 3rd plural | *merasonti | ? | *marnantou | |
| Passive voice | ||||
| Present | Imperfect | Future | Preterite | |
| 1st singular | *marnār | — | *mimrāsūr | — |
| 2nd singular | *marnātar | — | *mimrāsetar | — |
| 3rd singular | *marnātor | ? | *mimrāsetor | — |
| 1st plural | *marnammor | — | *mimrāsommor | — |
| 2nd plural | *marnadwe | — | *mimrāsedwe | — |
| 3rd plural | *marnantor | ? | *mimrāsontor | — |
| Pres. subjunctive | Past subjunctive | Imperative | ||
| 1st singular | *merasūr | — | — | |
| 2nd singular | *merasetar | — | — | |
| 3rd singular | *merasetor | — | — | |
| 1st plural | *merasommor | — | — | |
| 2nd plural | *merasedwe | — | — | |
| 3rd plural | *merasontor | — | — | |
| Declension of the past participle | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *mratos | *mratou | *mratoi |
| vocative | *mrate | *mratou | *mratoi |
| accusative | *mratom | *mratou | *mratoms |
| genitive | *mratī | *mratous | *mratom |
| dative | *mratūi | *mratobom | *mratobos |
| instrumental | *mratū | *mratobim | *mratobis |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *mratā | *mratai | *mratās |
| vocative | *mratā | *mratai | *mratās |
| accusative | *mratam | *mratai | *mratams |
| genitive | *mratās | *mratous | *mratom |
| dative | *mratai | *mratābom | *mratābos |
| instrumental | *? | *mratābim | *mratābis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *mratom | *mratou | *mratā |
| vocative | *mratom | *mratou | *mratā |
| accusative | *mratom | *mratou | *mratā |
| genitive | *mratī | *mratous | *mratom |
| dative | *mratūi | *mratobom | *mratobos |
| instrumental | *mratū | *mratobim | *mratobis |
Related terms
[edit]- *mratom (“betrayal”)
Descendants
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 257