marnaid
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Old Irish[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Celtic *marnati, from Proto-Indo-European *merh₂-.
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
marnaid (conjunct ·mairn, verbal noun mrath)
Inflection[edit]
Historically, this verb is expected to belong to present class B IV, as the stem-final n is found only in the present stem, but the palatalization of the rn cluster in the third-person singular present conjunct form ·mairn forms shows that it is in the process of being taken over into another class. In Middle Irish it is often inflected as a weak verb of class A II, as shown by the third-person plural present absolute form mairnit and the third-person singular perfect form ro·mairnestar, in which the n has spread beyond the present tense.
Simple, class B IV present, t preterite, é future, a subjunctive
1st sg. | 2nd sg. | 3rd sg. | 1st pl. | 2nd pl. | 3rd pl. | Passive sg. | Passive pl. | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Present indicative | Abs. | ||||||||
Conj. | ·mairn | ||||||||
Rel. | |||||||||
Imperfect indicative | |||||||||
Preterite | Abs. | ||||||||
Conj. | ·mertamar | ||||||||
Rel. | |||||||||
Perfect | Deut. | ro·mert | ro·mertatar | ||||||
Prot. | ·rumart | ||||||||
Future | Abs. | ·mérthir | |||||||
Conj. | ·méra | ·mérat | |||||||
Rel. | |||||||||
Conditional | ·mérad | ||||||||
Present subjunctive | Abs. | ||||||||
Conj. | ·mera | ·romrat (ro-form) | |||||||
Rel. | |||||||||
Past subjunctive | ·merad | ||||||||
Imperative | |||||||||
Verbal noun | mrath | ||||||||
Past participle | |||||||||
Verbal of necessity |
Descendants[edit]
Mutation[edit]
Old Irish mutation | ||
---|---|---|
Radical | Lenition | Nasalization |
marnaid also mmarnaid after a proclitic |
marnaid pronounced with /ṽ(ʲ)-/ |
unchanged |
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs. |
Further reading[edit]
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “mairnid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Pedersen, Holger (1913) Vergleichende Grammatik der keltischen Sprachen (in German), volume II, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, →ISBN, page 575
Categories:
- Old Irish terms inherited from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Celtic
- Old Irish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Old Irish terms with IPA pronunciation
- Old Irish lemmas
- Old Irish verbs
- Old Irish simple verbs
- Old Irish class B IV present verbs
- Old Irish t preterite verbs
- Old Irish é future verbs
- Old Irish a subjunctive verbs