Reconstruction:Proto-Dravidian/i-

This Proto-Dravidian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Dravidian

Alternative forms

• *iH

Root

*i-

1. this, this here

Derived terms

• *i-vanṯu (“this man”)
  • South-Central:
    • Telugu: వీఁడు (vīn̆ḍu), Telugu: వీడు (vīḍu)
  • South Dravidian:
    • Kannada: ಇವನು (ivanu)
    • Tamil-Malayalam
      • Tamil: இவன் (ivaṉ)
      • Malayalam: ഇവൻ (ivaṉ)
  • Pengo: इवन (ivan)
• *i-vaḷ (“this woman”)
  • South Dravidian:
    • Kannada: ಇವಳು (ivaḷu)
    • Tamil-Malayalam:
      • Tamil: இவள் (ivaḷ)
      • Malayalam: ഇവൾ (ivaḷ)
• *i-tu (“this”)
  • South-Central:
    • Telugu: ఇది (idi)
  • South Dravidian:
    • Kannada: ಇದು (idu)
    • Tamil-Malayalam: *it
      • Tamil: இது (itu)
      • Malayalam: ഇത് (itŭ)
  • Central Dravidian:
    • Kolami-Gadba:
      • Kolami: [script needed] (id)
      • Duruwa: इद (id)
      • Naiki: [script needed] (id)
• *i-var (“these persons”)
  • South-Central:
    • Telugu: వీరు (vīru)
  • South Dravidian:
    • Tulu: ಇಂಬೆರು (imberu)
    • Kannada: ಇವರು (ivaru)
    • Tamil-Malayalam:
      • Tamil: இவர் (ivar)
      • Malayalam: ഇവർ (ivaṟ)
  • Central Dravidian:
    • Naiki: [script needed] (īr)
• *iw-ay (“these (non-men humans or non-humans)”)
  • South Dravidian:
    • Telugu: ఇవి (ivi)
    • Kannada: ಇವು (ivu)
    • Tamil-Malayalam:
      • Tamil: இவை (ivai)
      • Malayalam: ഇവ (iva)
• *i-nṯu (“today, now”)
  • South Dravidian:
    • Kannada: ಇಂದು (indu)
    • Tamil-Malayalam: *inṯu
      • Tamil: இன்று (iṉṟu)
      • Malayalam: ഇന്ന് (innŭ)

• Unsorted formations:
  • Malayalam: ഇങ്ങനെ (iṅṅane), ഇവിടെ (iviṭe), ഇവിടം (iviṭaṁ), ഇദ്ദേഹം (iddēhaṁ), ഇങ്ങ് (iṅṅŭ), ഇപ്പോൾ (ippōḷ), ഇപ്പുറം (ippuṟaṁ), ഇത്തരം (ittaraṁ)

See also

Proto-Dravidian personal pronouns

				singular	plural
1st person			exclusive	*yĀn	*yĀm
			inclusive		*ñām
			reflexive	*tān	*tām
2nd person				*nīn	*nīm
3rd person			masculine	*iwanṯu (proximal) *uwanṯu (yonder) *awanṯu (distal) *yĀwanṯu (interrogative)	*iwar (proximal) *uwar (yonder) *awar (distal) *yĀwar (interrogative)
			feminine	*iwaḷ (proximal) *uwaḷ (yonder) *awaḷ (distal) *yĀwaḷ (interrogative)
			non-human	*itu (proximal) *utu (yonder) *atu (distal) *yĀtu (interrogative)	*iway (proximal) *uway (yonder) *away (distal) *yĀway (interrogative)

References

• Krishnamurti, Bhadriraju (2003) The Dravidian Languages (Cambridge Language Surveys), Cambridge University Press, →ISBN.
• Burrow, T., Emeneau, M. B. (1984) chapter 410, in A Dravidian etymological dictionary, 2nd edition, Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 38.