Reconstruction:Proto-Finnic/ääni
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This Proto-Finnic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Finnic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Finno-Ugric *äne.[1][2] Cognate with Proto-Samic *jienë, Hungarian ének. The form of the word is somewhat irregular: *eeni or *jeeni would be expected. Aikio (2012) suggests that the raising *ää > *ee may have been blocked in the word-initial position.[2]
In Estonian, Votic and Livonian, an unclear change *n > *l appears to have taken place, possibly for onomatopoeic reasons.
Noun
[edit]*ääni[3]
Inflection
[edit]Inflection of *ääni
| Note: The Proto-Finnic declension system is yet to be reconstructed in detail. What is presented here is only one possibility. | |||
| singular | plural | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | *ääni | *äänet | |
| accusative | *äänen | *äänet | |
| genitive | *äänen | *äänden *ääniden | |
| partitive | *ääntä | *äänidä | |
| inessive | *äänessä *äänehnä |
*äänissä *äänihnä | |
| elative | *äänestä | *äänistä | |
| illative | *äänehen | *äänihen | |
| adessive | *äänellä | *äänillä | |
| ablative | *ääneltä | *ääniltä | |
| allative | *äänelen *äänelek |
*äänilen *äänilek | |
| essive | *äännä | *ääninä | |
| translative | *ääneksi | *ääniksi | |
| instructive | *äänen | *äänin | |
| comitative | *äännek | *ääninek | |
| abessive | *äänettä | *äänittä | |
Descendants
[edit]From *ääni:
- Finnish: ääni
- Ingrian: ääni
- → Votic: ääni
- Karelian:
- Livvi: iäni
- Ludian: iänʹ
- Veps: änʹ
- Votic:
- Kukkuzi: ääni
From *(h)ääli:
References
[edit]- ^ Sammallahti, Pekka (1988), “Historical Phonology of the Uralic Languages”, in Denis, Sinor, editor, The Uralic Languages: Description, History and Foreign Influences, Leiden: E. J. Brill, →ISBN, pages 478-554
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 Luobbal Sámmol Sámmol Ánte (Ante Aikio). 2012. "On Finnic long vowels, Samoyed vowel sequences, and Proto-Uralic *x". In: Hyytiäinen, Tiina; Jalava, Lotta; Saarikivi, Janne; Sandman, Erika (eds.), Per Urales ad Orientem. Iter polyphonicum multilinguae. Suomalais-Ugrilaisen Seuran Toimituksia 264, pp. 227–250. p. 236
- ^ Kallio, Petri (2020–), “*ääni”, in Yhteissuomalainen sanasto [Common Finnic Vocabulary][1] (in Finnish)
Further reading
[edit]- “hääl”, in [ETY] Eesti etümoloogiasõnaraamat [Estonian Etymological Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2012
- Erkki Itkonen, Ulla-Maija Kulonen, editors (1992–2000), “ääni”, in Suomen sanojen alkuperä [The Origin of Finnish Words][2] (in Finnish) (online version; note: also includes other etymological sources; this source is labeled "SSA 1992–2000"), Helsinki: Institute for the Languages of Finland/Finnish Literature Society, →ISBN