Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/balkô

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

Traditionally derived from Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵ- (“beam, plank”). However, in light of Winter's law as applied to Balto-Slavic cognates such as Proto-Slavic *bolzìna (“beam, board”) and Lithuanian balži̇́enas (“cross-beam”), Kroonen prefers to derive the root from Proto-Indo-European *bʰelǵʰ-on-, from *bʰelǵʰ- (“to swell”), and notes relation to Proto-Germanic *balgiz (“bag”) in spite of the divergent semantics.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈbɑl.kɔːː/

Noun

*balkô m

1. beam, balk

Inflection

Declension of *balkô (masculine an-stem)

	singular	plural
nominative	*balkô	*balkaniz
vocative	*balkô	*balkaniz
accusative	*balkanų	*balkanunz
genitive	*balkiniz	*balkanǫ̂
dative	*balkini	*balkammaz
instrumental	*balkinē	*balkammiz

Related terms

• *balkuz
• *blukką

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *balkō, *balk
  • Old English: balca, bælca, bealca
  • Old Frisian: balka
    • Saterland Frisian: Boolke
    • West Frisian: balke
  • Old Saxon: balko
    • Middle Low German: balke
      • Plautdietsch: Baulkjen
      • → Estonian: palk
  • Old Dutch: *balco
    • Middle Dutch: balke
      • Dutch: balk
        • Afrikaans: balk
        • Negerhollands: balk
        • → Caribbean Javanese: baleg, balok
        • → Javanese: ꦧꦭꦺꦴꦏ꧀ (balok)
          • → Indonesian: balok
        • → Malay: balak
          • > Indonesian: balak (inherited)
        • → Papiamentu: balki (from the diminutive)
        • → Saramaccan: báíki
        • → Sranan Tongo: barki, balk
          • → Caribbean Hindustani: barki
      • Limburgish: balk
  • Old High German: balko, balcho, palcho, balco
    • Middle High German: balke
      • German: Balken
        • → Kashubian: balka
        • → Slovincian: balka
      • → Old Polish: balka, balk
        • Polish: belka, bałk, belk, bełk, bełka (Middle Polish), balk, balka, bałek, bałka, belek (obsolete)
        • Silesian: bŏlka, balek, balk, belek, bŏlek
  • Lombardic: palk
    • → Italian: palco
  • → Medieval Latin: balcō [c. 1040, Goscelin] (see there for further descendants)
• Old Norse: bǫlkr (< *balkuz)
  • Icelandic: bálkur
  • Faroese: bólkur
  • Norwegian Bokmål: bolk
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: bolk
  • Old Swedish: balker, bolker
    • Swedish: balk
      • → Finnish: palkki
  • Danish: balk
  • → Old English: balca, bealca, bælca
    • Middle English: balke, bauke
      • English: balk
      • Scots: bauk
      • Yola: balke
• Old Norse: bjalki (< *belkô)
  • Icelandic: bjálki
  • Faroese: bjálki
  • Norwegian Bokmål: bjelke
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: bjelke
  • Old Swedish: biælke
    • Swedish: bjälke
  • Danish: bjælke
• >? Old Norse: *bjalk (< *belkō)