Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hnīpaną

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *kneybʰ-. The root final -p was adopted from the iterative *hnippōną.

Likely related to *knīpaną, but it's unclear how the variation of the initial consonant arose.

Verb

*hnīpaną

1. to pinch, to squeeze

Inflection

Conjugation of *hnīpaną (strong class 1)

	active voice			passive voice
present tense	indicative	subjunctive	imperative	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*hnīpō	*hnīpaų	—	*hnīpai	?
2nd singular	*hnīpizi	*hnīpaiz	*hnīp	*hnīpazai	*hnīpaizau
3rd singular	*hnīpidi	*hnīpai	*hnīpadau	*hnīpadai	*hnīpaidau
1st dual	*hnīpōz	*hnīpaiw	—	—	—
2nd dual	*hnīpadiz	*hnīpaidiz	*hnīpadiz	—	—
1st plural	*hnīpamaz	*hnīpaim	—	*hnīpandai	*hnīpaindau
2nd plural	*hnīpid	*hnīpaid	*hnīpid	*hnīpandai	*hnīpaindau
3rd plural	*hnīpandi	*hnīpain	*hnīpandau	*hnīpandai	*hnīpaindau
past tense	indicative	subjunctive
1st singular	*hnaip	*hnipį̄
2nd singular	*hnaift	*hnipīz
3rd singular	*hnaip	*hnipī
1st dual	*hnipū	*hnipīw
2nd dual	*hnipudiz	*hnipīdiz
1st plural	*hnipum	*hnipīm
2nd plural	*hnipud	*hnipīd
3rd plural	*hnipun	*hnipīn
	present	past
participles	*hnīpandz	*hnipanaz

Descendants

• Proto-West Germanic: *hnīpan
  • Old Saxon: *hnīpan
    • Middle Low German: nîpen
  • Old Dutch: *nīpen
    • Middle Dutch: nipen
      • Dutch: nijpen