Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/sīþuz

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

• *sīþiz

Etymology

From Pre-Germanic *séh₁itus or *sh₁éitus, from Proto-Indo-European *seh₁-. Related to Latin sērus (“late, slow”), Old Irish sír (“long, lasting”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsiː.θuz/

Adjective

*sīþuz

1. late

Inflection

Declension of *sīþuz (u-stem)

strong declension
	masculine		feminine		neuter
	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
nominative	*sīþuz	*sīþijai	*sīþī	*sīþijôz	*sīþų, *-jatō	*sīþijō
accusative	*sīþijanǭ	*sīþijanz	*sīþijǭ	*sīþijōz	*sīþų, *-jatō	*sīþijō
genitive	*sīþijas, *sīþīs	*sīþijaizǫ̂	*sīþijaizōz	*sīþijaizǫ̂	*sīþijas, *sīþīs	*sīþijaizǫ̂
dative	*sīþijammai	*sīþijaimaz	*sīþijaizōi	*sīþijaimaz	*sīþijammai	*sīþijaimaz
instrumental	*sīþijanō	*sīþijaimiz	*sīþijaizō	*sīþijaimiz	*sīþijanō	*sīþijaimiz
weak declension
	masculine		feminine		neuter
	singular	plural	singular	plural	singular	plural
nominative	*sīþijô	*sīþijaniz	*sīþijǭ	*sīþijōniz	*sīþijô	*sīþijōnō
accusative	*sīþijanų	*sīþijanunz	*sīþijōnų	*sīþijōnunz	*sīþijô	*sīþijōnō
genitive	*sīþīniz	*sīþijanǫ̂	*sīþijōniz	*sīþijōnǫ̂	*sīþīniz	*sīþijanǫ̂
dative	*sīþīni	*sīþijammaz	*sīþijōni	*sīþijōmaz	*sīþīni	*sīþijammaz
instrumental	*sīþīnē	*sīþijammiz	*sīþijōnē	*sīþijōmiz	*sīþīnē	*sīþijammiz

Descendants

• Old English: sīþ
  • Middle English: *siþe
    • Yola: zeeth
  • ⇒ Old English: sīþlīċe
    • Middle English: siþeli, siddele
• ⇒ Old Frisian: sether
• Old Saxon: sīth
  • Middle Low German: sît
  • ⇒ Old Saxon: sīthor, sithor
    • Middle Low German: sider, sēder
• Old Dutch: *sīth
  • Middle Dutch: sîde
  • ⇒ Old Dutch: sither
    • Middle Dutch: sēder
      • ⇒ Middle Dutch: tsēdert
        • Dutch: sedert
• Old High German: sīd
  • Middle High German: sīt
    • German: seit
    • Luxembourgish: säit
  • ⇒ Old High German: sīdor, sidor
    • Middle High German: sider, siders
      • German: sider (obsolete)
• Old Norse: síðr, síð
  • Icelandic: síður, síð
  • Faroese: síður, síð
• Gothic: 𐍃𐌴𐌹𐌸𐌿𐍃 (seiþus)
• → Proto-Finnic: *hidas (see there for further descendants)

References

• Guus Kroonen (2013) Alexander Lubotsky, editor, Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN