Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/spreutaną

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This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic[edit]

Alternative forms[edit]

Etymology[edit]

From Pre-Germanic *sprewd-, but also possibly back-formed from the iterative, from Proto-Indo-European *sper- (“to strew”), extended form *sprewd-.[1] Related to Lithuanian sprausti (“to thrust”), Ancient Greek σπείρω (speírō, “I sow”).[2]

Pronunciation[edit]

  • IPA(key): /ˈspreu̯.tɑ.nɑ̃/

Verb[edit]

*spreutaną[2][3]

  1. to sprout
  2. to spring, come out

Inflection[edit]

Conjugation of *spreutaną (strong class 2)
active voice passive voice
present tense indicative subjunctive imperative indicative subjunctive
1st singular *spreutō *spreutaų — *spreutai ?
2nd singular *spriutizi *spreutaiz *spreut *spreutazai *spreutaizau
3rd singular *spriutidi *spreutai *spreutadau *spreutadai *spreutaidau
1st dual *spreutōz *spreutaiw — — —
2nd dual *spreutadiz *spreutaidiz *spreutadiz — —
1st plural *spreutamaz *spreutaim — *spreutandai *spreutaindau
2nd plural *spriutid *spreutaid *spriutid *spreutandai *spreutaindau
3rd plural *spreutandi *spreutain *spreutandau *spreutandai *spreutaindau
past tense indicative subjunctive
1st singular *spraut *sprutį̄
2nd singular *spraust *sprutīz
3rd singular *spraut *sprutī
1st dual *sprutū *sprutīw
2nd dual *sprutudiz *sprutīdiz
1st plural *sprutum *sprutīm
2nd plural *sprutud *sprutīd
3rd plural *sprutun *sprutīn
present past
participles *spreutandz *sprutanaz

Related terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

References[edit]

  1. ^ “sprout”, in The American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language, 5th edition, Boston, Mass.: Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 2016, →ISBN.
  2. ↑ 2.0 2.1 Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*spreutan- ~ *sprūtan-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 470
  3. ^ Orel, Vladimir (2003) “*spreutanan ~ *sprūtanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎[1], Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, pages 366-367
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