Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/waiwô

This Proto-Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Germanic

Alternative forms

• *wēwô

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *wai.

Noun

*waiwô m

1. woe, grief, misery
2. evil, wickedness, malice

Inflection

masculine an-stemDeclension of *waiwô (masculine an-stem)
	singular	plural
nominative	*waiwô	*waiwaniz
vocative	*waiwô	*waiwaniz
accusative	*waiwanų	*waiwanunz
genitive	*waiwiniz	*waiwanǫ̂
dative	*waiwini	*waiwammaz
instrumental	*waiwinē	*waiwammiz

Related terms

• *wai
• *wainagaz
• *wainōną
• *waiwō

Descendants

• Old English: wēa, wāwa
  • Middle English: we, wee, wea, wæ; wowe
• Old Saxon: *wēwo
  • Middle Low German: wēwe
• Frankish: *waiwo
  • Old Dutch: *wēwo
    • Middle Dutch: weewe
      • Dutch: wee
  • → Vulgar Latin: *waius, *guaius
    • Italian: guaio
    • Portuguese: guaya
    • Old Spanish: guaya
      • Spanish: guaya
      • Ladino: guaya
• Old High German: wēwo
  • Middle High German: wēwe
    • German: Weh
• Old Norse: vá, vó, vo (< *waiwō)
  • Icelandic: vá, vó
• → Proto-Finnic: *vaiva (see there for further descendants) (< *waiwō)