Reconstruction:Proto-Hmong-Mien/qrep

This Proto-Hmong-Mien entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Hmong-Mien

Alternative reconstructions

Ostapirat (2016) reconstructs *klˠ- as the initial.

Etymology

Compare Tibeto-Burman

Noun

*qrep

1. bear (animal)

Descendants

• Hmongic
  • East Hmongic
    • North Qiandong - Yanghao 养蒿: ɬji⁵³
    • South Qiandong - Yaogao 尧告: tɬja³⁵
    • West Qiandong (Raojia) - Heba 河坝: ɬje¹¹
  • Sheic
    • Jiongnai - Longhua 龙华: ko¹²kle⁵⁵
  • West Hmongic
    • Bunu
      • Dongnu - Qibainong 七百弄: po⁵³tɬa³¹
      • Nunu - Xishan 西山: mi³³ (Buyi loanword)
      • Numao - Yaolu 瑶麓: kjei⁴⁴
    • Core
      • East Luobuohe (Xijia) - Shibanqiao 石板寨: ʔa⁰²qle³³
      • Huishui - Gaopo 高坡: tɬe⁴²
      • Mashan - Zongdi 宗地: ɬe⁴⁴
      • A-Hmao - Shimenpo 石门坡: tɬai¹¹
      • Chuanqiandian - Dananshan 大南山: tɬai³³
• Mienic
  • Mien
    • Guangdian (Jiangdi): tɕop⁵⁵
    • Xiangnan (Miaoziyuan): kəu⁵⁴
  • Kim Mun
    • Diangui (Liangzi): kjap⁵⁴
    • Fanghai (Tansan): kjaːp³⁵
  • Biao Mon
    • Changping: kjəp⁵⁴
    • Luoxiang: kjep⁴³
  • Biao Min
    • Shikou: kljɛ³⁵
    • Niuweizhai: kɣwa⁵⁵

References

• Ratliff, Martha (2010) Hmong-Mien language history (Studies in Language Change; 8), Camberra, Australia: Pacific Linguistics, →ISBN.
• Chen, Qiguang (陈其光) (2013) Miao Yao yuwen (苗瑶语文), Beijing: Minzu chubanshe (民族出版社), →ISBN
• Mao, Zongwu (毛宗武) (2004) Yaozu Mianyu fangyan yanjiu (瑤族勉语方言研究), Beijing: Minzu chubanshe (民族出版社)