Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/ǵʰley-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*ǵʰley-^[1]

to shine

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵʰley- (14 c, 0 e)

*ǵʰlí-e-ti
- Proto-Hellenic: *kʰlíō
  - >? Ancient Greek: χλίω (khlíō)
    - ⇒ Ancient Greek: χλιαίνω (khliaínō, “to warm; to soften”)^[2]
*ǵʰley-mós (“shine, brightness”)^[3]
- Proto-Germanic: *glīmô (see there for further descendants)
- ⇒ Proto-Germanic: *glaimiz^[4] (see there for further descendants)
*ǵʰley-nós (“bright, clear”)^[5]
- Proto-Celtic: *glēnos
  - Proto-Brythonic: *-gluɨn
    - Welsh: try-lwyn
  - Old Irish: gléinech
*ǵʰley-wós (“shining, sparkling”)^[5]^[6]
- Proto-Celtic: *gleiwos (see there for further descendants)
- ⇒ Proto-Germanic: *glaiwiz (see there for further descendants)
- ⇒? Proto-Germanic: *gliwēną or *glijō(ja)ną^[7]
  - Proto-West Germanic:
    - Old Frisian: glīa (“to glitter”)
  - Old Norse: gljá (“to glitter”)
    - Faroese: glíggja
    - Icelandic: gljá
Unsorted formations:
- Proto-Balto-Slavic:
  - >? Lithuanian: žlėjà (“twilight; dusk, darkness”)^[8]^[2] (or from *ǵʰleh₃-?)

*ǵʰley-s-

*ǵʰleys-to-s (“shine, brightness”)^[5]
- Proto-Celtic: *glēstos
  - Proto-Brythonic: *gluɨs
    - Old Breton: glois, gloes
    - Welsh: glwys
  - Old Irish: glésse, glése, gléisse, gléise
  - Gaulish: glīso-
*ǵʰlis-nó-s
- Proto-Germanic: *glisnaz
  - Proto-Germanic: *glisnōną
    - Proto-West Germanic: *glisnōn
      - Old English: glisnian (see there for further descendants)
    - Old Norse: *glisna
      - Norwegian: glisna
      - Swedish: glesna

*ǵʰley-d-

*ǵʰléyd-e-ti
- Proto-Germanic: *glītaną (“to shine, sparkle”)^[9] (see there for further descendants)
*gʰli-n-d-e-ti (“to shine, glint”, nasal-infix)^[3]
- Proto-Germanic: *glintaną (see there for further descendants)
*ǵʰlid-í-s
- Proto-Germanic: *glitiz^[10]
  - Proto-West Germanic: *glit
    - ⇒ Proto-West Germanic: *glitinōn
      - Old English: glitenian
      - Old High German: glizinōn
        Middle High German: glitzenen
        German: glitzen
*ǵʰlid-éh₂
- Proto-Hellenic: *kʰlidā́
  - >? Ancient Greek: χλιδή (khlidḗ, “effeminacy, luxury, haughtiness, riches”)^[2]
*ǵʰlid-mn̥ (“shine”)^[3]
- Proto-Germanic: *glitmô (see there for further descendants)
- ⇒ *ǵʰlid-mn̥-ye-ti (“to shine, sparkle”)^[3]
  - Proto-Germanic: *glitmunjaną (see there for further descendants)
*ǵʰlid-ró-s
- Proto-Germanic: *glitraz
  - ⇒ Proto-Germanic: *glitrōną (see there for further descendants)

References

^ Matasović, Ranko (2009), Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “χλῑ̆αίνω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1637–1638
↑ ^3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 ^3.3 Kroonen, Guus (2013), Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
^ Vladimir Orel (2003), “*ʒlaimiz ~ *ʒlaimōn”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 135
↑ ^5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 Pokorny, Julius (1959), Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 440
^ Matasović, Ranko (2009), Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 161
^ Vladimir Orel (2003), “*ʒlīōjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[3], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 136
^ Fraenkel, Ernst (1955, 1962–1965), “žlėjà”, in Litauisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume II, Heidelberg-Göttingen: Carl Winter and Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, page 1317
^ Vladimir Orel (2003), “ʒlītanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[4], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 136
^ Vladimir Orel (2003), “*ʒlit(a)rōjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[5], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 136

[1] Matasović, Ranko (2009), Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN

[Beekes-2] 2.0 ^2.1 ^2.2 Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “χλῑ̆αίνω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 1637–1638

[Kroonen-3] 3.0 ^3.1 ^3.2 ^3.3 Kroonen, Guus (2013), Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11)‎^[1], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN

[4] Vladimir Orel (2003), “*ʒlaimiz ~ *ʒlaimōn”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[2], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 135

[IEW-5] 5.0 ^5.1 ^5.2 Pokorny, Julius (1959), Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 440

[6] Matasović, Ranko (2009), Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 161

[7] Vladimir Orel (2003), “*ʒlīōjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[3], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 136

[8] Fraenkel, Ernst (1955, 1962–1965), “žlėjà”, in Litauisches etymologisches Wörterbuch, volume II, Heidelberg-Göttingen: Carl Winter and Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, page 1317

[9] Vladimir Orel (2003), “ʒlītanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[4], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 136

[10] Vladimir Orel (2003), “*ʒlit(a)rōjanan”, in A Handbook of Germanic Etymology‎^[5], Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 136

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Proto-Indo-European

Root

Derived terms

See also

References