Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₂élyos
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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European
[edit]Alternative reconstructions
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From *h₂el- (“beyond, other”).
Determiner
[edit]*h₂élyos[3]
Inflection
[edit]| Thematic pronominal | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| masculine | feminine | ||
| nominative | *h₂élyos | *h₂élyeh₂ | |
| genitive | *h₂élyosyo | *h₂élyosyeh₂s | |
| masculine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *h₂élyos | *h₂élyoh₁ | *h₂élyoy |
| accusative | *h₂élyom | *h₂élyoh₁ | *h₂élyoms |
| genitive | *h₂élyosyo | *? | *h₂élyoysoHom |
| ablative | *h₂élyosmead | *? | *h₂élyoymos, *h₂élyoybʰos |
| dative | *h₂élyosmey | *? | *h₂élyoymos, *h₂élyoybʰos |
| locative | *h₂élyosmi | *? | *h₂élyoysu |
| instrumental | *h₂élyonoh₁ | *? | *h₂élyōys |
| feminine | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *h₂élyeh₂ | *? | *h₂élyeh₂es |
| accusative | *h₂élyām | *? | *h₂élyeh₂m̥s |
| genitive | *h₂élyosyeh₂s | *? | *h₂élyeh₂soHom |
| ablative | *h₂élyosyeh₂s | *? | *h₂élyeh₂mos, *h₂élyeh₂bʰos |
| dative | *h₂élyosyeh₂ey | *? | *h₂élyeh₂mos, *h₂élyeh₂bʰos |
| locative | *h₂élyosyeh₂ | *? | *h₂élyeh₂su |
| instrumental | *h₂élyeh₂(e)h₁ | *? | *h₂élyeh₂mis, *h₂élyeh₂bʰis |
| neuter | singular | dual | plural |
| nominative | *h₂élyod | *h₂élyoy | *h₂élyeh₂ |
| accusative | *h₂élyod | *h₂élyoy | *h₂élyeh₂ |
| genitive | *h₂élyosyo | *? | *h₂élyoysoHom |
| ablative | *h₂élyosmead | *? | *h₂élyoymos, *h₂élyoybʰos |
| dative | *h₂élyosmey | *? | *h₂élyoymos, *h₂élyoybʰos |
| locative | *h₂élyosmi | *? | *h₂élyoysu |
| instrumental | *h₂élyonoh₁ | *? | *h₂élyōys |
Derived terms
[edit]- *h₂élyo-dʰe/i (“elsewhere”)[2]
Descendants
[edit]- Proto-Anatolian:
- Lydian: aλa-
- Proto-Armenian:
- Proto-Celtic: *alyos (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Germanic: *aljaz (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Hellenic: *áľľos (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Hanyás (contamined with *h₂énteros[4][2]) (see there for further descendants)
- >? Proto-Indo-Iranian:
- Proto-Italic: *aljos (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Tocharian: *ālye-
References
[edit]- ^ Ringe, Donald (2006) From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)[1], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
- ↑ 2.0 2.1 2.2 2.3 Dunkel, George E. (2014) Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme [Lexicon of Indo-European Particles and Pronominal Stems] (in German), volume 1: Einleitung, Terminologie, Lautgesetze, Adverbialendungen, Nominalsuffixe, Anhänge und Indices, Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, →ISBN, pages 21-27: “*áli̯o-, *ali̯ó-, ?*áli- 'ein anderer (von mehreren)'”
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “alius”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 34
- ^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) “anyá-”, in The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University, page 39
- ^ Adams, Douglas Q. (2013) “ālyauce”, in A Dictionary of Tocharian B: Revised and Greatly Enlarged (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, New York: Rodopi, →ISBN, pages 60–61
Further reading
[edit]- Sihler, Andrew L. (1995) New Comparative Grammar of Greek and Latin, Oxford, New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN
- Pokorny, Julius (1959) “25”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 25