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Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/h₁óh₃s

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 This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.
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Proto-Indo-European

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Etymology

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    Unknown.

    Noun

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    *h₁óh₃s n

    1. mouth

    Inflection

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    Athematic, proterokinetic
    singular
    nominative *h₁óh₃s
    genitive *h₁h₃sés
    singular dual plural
    nominative *h₁óh₃s *h₁óh₃sih₁ *h₁óh₃sh₂
    vocative *h₁óh₃s *h₁óh₃sih₁ *h₁óh₃sh₂
    accusative *h₁óh₃s *h₁óh₃sih₁ *h₁óh₃sh₂
    genitive *h₁h₃sés *? *h₁h₃sóHom
    ablative *h₁h₃sés *? *h₁h₃smós, *h₁h₃sbʰós
    dative *h₁h₃séy *? *h₁h₃smós, *h₁h₃sbʰós
    locative *h₁éh₃s, *h₁éh₃si *? *h₁h₃sú
    instrumental *h₁h₃séh₁ *? *h₁h₃smís, *h₁h₃sbʰís

    Alternative reconstructions

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    • *h₁éh₃-s[1] ~ *h₁h₃-és-s (> later paradigm *h₁éh₃-os ~ *h₁h₃-és-os)[2]
    • *h₁óh₁-s ~ *h₁eh₁-s-ós, *h₄óh₁-s ~ *h₄eh₁-s-ós[3]
    • *h₃éh₁-s ~ *h₃h₁-és-[4] (> later paradigm *h₃éh₁-os[5] ~ *h₃h₁-és-os[6][7])[8]
    • *h₃oh₁-(e)s-[9]

    Derived terms

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    • ? *h₁óh₃(u)s-to-s (or < *Hówst-eh₂[10])
      • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *ṓˀstas
      • Proto-Balto-Slavic: *áušta
        • Old Prussian: austo
        • Proto-Slavic: *ūstà n pl (see there for further descendants)
      • Proto-Indo-Iranian: *Háwštʰas (see there for further descendants)

    Descendants

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    References

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    1. ^ Ringe, Donald (2006), From Proto-Indo-European to Proto-Germanic (A Linguistic History of English; 1)‎[1], Oxford: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 9
    2. ^ Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008), “aiš / išš-”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 166-7: “PIE *h₁eh₃-es-; nom.-acc.sg. *CéC-s, gen.sg. *CC-és-s, which possibly already in PIE was modified to *CéC-os, *C(e)C-és-os”
    3. ^ Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “*h₁óh₁-es- (gen. *h1/4eh₁sós) ‘mouth’”, in Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 387
    4. ^ Meissner, Torsten (2005), S-stem Nouns and Adjectives in Greek and Proto-Indo-European: A Diachronic Study in Word Formation (Oxford Classical Monographs)‎[2], New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 60: “*h₃éh₁-s; oblique stem *h₃h₁-és-”
    5. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 436
    6. ^ Goto, Toshifumi (2013), Old Indo-Aryan Morphology and its Indo-Iranian Background (Veroffentlichungen zur Iranistik; 60)‎[3], Vienna: Austrian Academy of Sciences Press, →ISBN, page 55: “*h₃eh₁-os ~ *h₃h₁-és-os”
    7. ^ Wodtko, Dagmar S.; Irslinger, Britta; Schneider, Carolin (2008), “*h₃óh₁-s-, *h₃h₁-és-os n. 'Mund'”, in Nomina im indogermanischen Lexikon [Nouns in the Indo-European Lexicon] (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, pages 387–388
    8. ^ Schrijver, Peter C. H. (1991), The reflexes of the Proto-Indo-European laryngeals in Latin (Leiden studies in Indo-European; 2), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN, page 55: “*h₃eh₁-(o)s-, obi. *h₃eh₁-(e)s-”
    9. ^ Kölligan, Daniel (2017–2018), “Chapter XX: Proto-Indo-European”, in Klein, Jared S., Joseph, Brian D., Fritz, Matthias, editors, Handbook of Comparative and Historical Indo-European Linguistics: An International Handbook (Handbücher zur Sprach- und Kommunikationswissenschaft [Handbooks of Linguistics and Communication Science]; 41.2), Berlin; Boston: De Gruyter Mouton, →ISBN, § The lexicon of Proto-Indo-European, page 2244: “‘mouth’: *h₃oh₁-(e)s-”
    10. ^ Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “*hₓoust-ehₐ ‘mouth, lip’”, in Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 387
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