Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/kréwh₂s
(Redirected from Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/krúh₂s)
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This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-European[edit]
Etymology 1[edit]
From *krewh₂- (“blood outside the body”) + *-s (root nominal suffix).
Alternative reconstructions[edit]
Noun[edit]
Inflection[edit]
| Athematic, amphikinetic | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | |||
| nominative | *kréwh₂s | ||
| genitive | *kruh₂és | ||
| singular | dual | plural | |
| nominative | *kréwh₂s | *kréwh₂h₁(e) | *kréwh₂es |
| vocative | *kréwh₂ | *kréwh₂h₁(e) | *kréwh₂es |
| accusative | *kréwh₂m̥ | *kréwh₂h₁(e) | *kréwh₂m̥s |
| genitive | *kruh₂és | *? | *kruh₂óHom |
| ablative | *kruh₂és | *? | *kruh₂mós |
| dative | *kruh₂éy | *? | *kruh₂mós |
| locative | *kréwh₂, *kréwh₂i | *? | *kruh₂sú |
| instrumental | *kruh₂éh₁ | *? | *kruh₂mís |
Derived terms[edit]
- *krewh₂-odʰ-i/o-
- *krow-yós ~ krow-yóm
Descendants[edit]
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *krū́ˀs
- Proto-Slavic: *kry̑ (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Celtic: *krowos (see there for further descendants)
- Proto-Germanic: *hrawaz (see there for further descendants)
Etymology 2[edit]
S-stem from *krewh₂-.
Noun[edit]
Inflection[edit]
| Athematic, amphikinetic | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| singular | collective | |||
| nominative | *kréwh₂s | *kréwh₂ōs | ||
| genitive | *kruh₂sés | *kruh₂sés | ||
| singular | dual | plural | collective | |
| nominative | *kréwh₂s | — | — | *kréwh₂ōs |
| vocative | *kréwh₂s | — | — | *kréwh₂ōs |
| accusative | *kréwh₂s | — | — | *kréwh₂ōs |
| genitive | *kruh₂sés | — | — | *kruh₂sés |
| ablative | *kruh₂sés | — | — | *kruh₂sés |
| dative | *kruh₂séy | — | — | *kruh₂séy |
| locative | *kruh₂és, *kruh₂ési | — | — | *kruh₂és, *kruh₂ési |
| instrumental | *kruh₂séh₁ | — | — | *kruh₂séh₁ |
Descendants[edit]
- Proto-Hellenic: *kréwas
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *krawHíš
- Proto-Italic: *kruwōs (< collective)
- Latin: cruor (“blood, gore”)
References[edit]
- ↑ 1.0 1.1 Wodtko, Dagmar S., Irslinger, Britta, Schneider, Carolin (2008) “*kreu̯h₂-”, in Nomina im indogermanischen Lexikon [Nouns in the Indo-European Lexicon] (in German), Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter, pages 444-448
- ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*krū-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 227
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*kry̑”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 254
- ^ Derksen, Rick (2015) “kraujas”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Baltic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 13), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 255
- ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*hraiwa-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 242
- ^ Kroonen, Guus (2013) “*hrawa-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Germanic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 11), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 244
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “crūdus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 146
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “cruor, -ōris”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 146-147
- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “κρέας”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 774