Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/leys-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*leys-

1. to trace, to track

Derived terms

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *leys- (34 c, 0 e)

• *le-lóys-e (reduplicated stative)
  • Proto-Germanic: *lizaną (“to know”) or *lisaną (see there for further descendants)
• *loys-éye-ti (causative)
  • Proto-Germanic: *laizijaną (“to teach”) (see there for further descendants)
• *lis-n̥h₂-tór ~ *lis-n̥h₂-rór (mediopassive causative)
  • Proto-West Germanic: *liʀnōn (“to learn”), *liʀnēn (Elbe Germanic) (see there for further descendants)
• *lóys-eh₂ (“track, furrow”)
• *léys-ti-s ~ *lis-téy-s
  • Proto-Germanic: *listiz (“art, cunning”) (see there for further descendants)
• *loys-tis
  • Proto-Germanic: *laistiz (“track, trace”)
    • Proto-West Germanic: *laisti (“footprint, mold for shoes”)
      • Old English: lǣst, lāst (“footprint”)
        • English: last (“mould for shoes”)
      • Old Frisian: lāst, lēst (“sole, footprint”)
        • West Frisian: least
      • Old Saxon: *lēst
        • Middle Low German: lēst (“mould for shoes”)
      • Old Dutch: *lēst
        • Middle Dutch: leest (“mould for shoes”)
          • Dutch: leest
      • Old High German: leist (“mould for shoes”)
        • German: Leist, Leisten
    • Old Norse: leistr (“stocking-foot”)
      • Icelandic: leistur
      • Faroese: leistur
      • Norwegian Nynorsk: leist
      • Norwegian Bokmål: lest
      • Swedish: läst
    • Gothic: 𐌻𐌰𐌹𐍃𐍄𐍃 (laists, “track”)
• *loys-tos
  • Proto-Germanic: *laistaz (see there for further descendants)

Unsorted formations

• >? Ancient Greek: λοῖσθος (loîsthos, “left behind”)