Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/písdeh₂
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Proto-Indo-European
[edit]Etymology
[edit]As suggested by Hamp 1968: from *h₁epi (“upon, by”) + *sed- (“to sit”); i.e. originally an euphemism meaning "what one sits on". Compare *nisdós (“nest”) < *ni (“down”) + *sed- (“to sit”).
Archaic formation, but with geographically limited distribution, only to central and eastern Indo-European dialects.
Reconstruction
[edit]If the analysis as a compound is correct, the word would start with otherwise unreconstructable initial laryngeal *h₁.
Diphthong in Old Prussian peisda (“ass”) would require PIE *(h₁)peysdeh₂, and other Baltic cognates are then according to Hamp later borrowings from Slavic. That explanation is favored by Kortlandt and Dybo, according to whom the operation of Winter's law was blocked in clusters containing *-st-/*-sd-.
Noun
[edit]*písdeh₂ f
Inflection
[edit]Thematic in *-eh₂ | |||
---|---|---|---|
singular | |||
nominative | *písdeh₂ | ||
genitive | *písdeh₂s | ||
singular | dual | plural | |
nominative | *písdeh₂ | *písdeh₂h₁(e) | *písdeh₂es |
vocative | *písdeh₂ | *písdeh₂h₁(e) | *písdeh₂es |
accusative | *písdām | *písdeh₂h₁(e) | *písdeh₂m̥s |
genitive | *písdeh₂s | *? | *písdeh₂oHom |
ablative | *písdeh₂s | *? | *písdeh₂mos |
dative | *písdeh₂ey | *? | *písdeh₂mos |
locative | *písdeh₂, *písdeh₂i | *? | *písdeh₂su |
instrumental | *písdeh₂h₁ | *? | *písdeh₂mis |
Descendants
[edit]- Proto-Albanian: *p(e)izda
- Albanian: pidh
- Proto-Balto-Slavic: *pīˀsdāˀ (long vowel by Winter's law) or *peisdāˀ
- Proto-Indo-Iranian: *pízdaH
Coordinate terms
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- Pokorny, Julius (1959) “pīzdā-”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 831
- Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), Encyclopedia of Indo-European culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 507
- Hamp, Eric P. (1968) “Albanian pidh : Slavic *peizd|ā́”, in International Journal of Slavic Linguistics and Poetics
[1], volume 11, The Hague: Mouton Publishers, pages 25–26
- Kortlandt, Frederik (September 14-22 1988), Remarks on Winter's law (PDF), Studies in Slavic and General Linguistics: Dutch Contributions to the 10th International Congress of Slavists (Sofia) 11: 387–396
- Dybo, Vladimir (2002) “Balto-Slavic Accentology and Winter's Law”, in Studia Linguarum, volume 3, Moscow, pages 295–515
- Orel, Vladimir E. (1998) “pidh”, in Albanian Etymological Dictionary, Leiden, Boston, Köln: Brill, →ISBN, page 325