Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-European/serḱ-

This Proto-Indo-European entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Indo-European

Root

*serḱ-^[1]^[2]

to emend, make good, recompense^[3]

Alternative reconstructions

*serk-^[1]^[4]^[5]
*sark-^[6]

Derived terms

*sr̥ḱ-yé-ti (zero-grade yé/ó-present)^[1]^[4]
- Proto-Italic: *sarkiō (see there for further descendants)
*sr̥-né-ḱ-ti ~ *sr̥-n-ḱ-énti (nasal infix present)^[1]^[2]
- Proto-Anatolian:
  - Hittite: 𒊬𒉌𒅅𒍣 (šar-ni-ik-zi /⁠šarni(n)kzi⁠/) (< *sr̥-nén-k-ti, a type 1 nasal infix per Kloekhorst)
    - ⇒ Hittite: 𒊬𒉌𒅅𒍣𒅋 (šar-ni-ik-zi-il /⁠šarnikzil⁠/, “compensation”)
*sr̥ḱ-ú-s / *sórḱ-us ~ *sr̥ḱ-éw-s (u-stem adjective)^[7]
- Proto-Anatolian:
  - Hittite: 𒊬𒆪 (šar-ku /⁠šarku, šargaw⁠/, “eminent, illustrious”)
*sérḱ-os ~ *sérḱ-es-os
- Proto-Hellenic:
  - Ancient Greek: ἕρκος (hérkos, “fence, enclosure”), ὅρκος (hórkos)^[8]

Descendants

Terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *serḱ- (22 c, 0 e)

Proto-Tocharian:
- Tocharian B: ṣärk- (“to surpass”)^[9]

References

↑ ^1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*serk/k̑-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 536
↑ ^2.0 ^2.1 Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008), “šarni(n)k-^zi”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 850
^ Fortson, Benjamin W. (2010), Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction, second edition, Oxford: Blackwell, page 24
↑ ^4.0 ^4.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “sarcīo, -īre”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 539
^ Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “*serk-”, in Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 123
^ Fortson, Benjamin W. (2010), Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction, second edition, Oxford: Blackwell, page 24
^ Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008), “šarku- / šargau̯-”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 734
^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “ἕρκος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 460
^ Adams, Douglas Q. (1999), “ṣärk-”, in A dictionary of Tocharian B (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN

[LIV-1] 1.0 ^1.1 ^1.2 ^1.3 Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), “*serk/k̑-”, in Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 536

[sarninkzi-2] 2.0 ^2.1 Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008), “šarni(n)k-^zi”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 850

[3] Fortson, Benjamin W. (2010), Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction, second edition, Oxford: Blackwell, page 24

[De_Vaan-4] 4.0 ^4.1 De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “sarcīo, -īre”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 539

[5] Mallory, J. P., Adams, D. Q., editors (1997), “*serk-”, in Encyclopedia of Indo-European Culture, London, Chicago: Fitzroy Dearborn Publishers, page 123

[6] Fortson, Benjamin W. (2010), Indo-European Language and Culture: An Introduction, second edition, Oxford: Blackwell, page 24

[7] Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008), “šarku- / šargau̯-”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 734

[8] Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010), “ἕρκος”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 460

[9] Adams, Douglas Q. (1999), “ṣärk-”, in A dictionary of Tocharian B (Leiden Studies in Indo-European; 10), Amsterdam, Atlanta: Rodopi, →ISBN

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