Reconstruction:Proto-Indo-Iranian/griHwáH
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This Proto-Indo-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Indo-Iranian
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-European *gʷriHwéh₂.
Noun
[edit]*griHwáH f[1]
Declension
[edit]| aH-stem | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | dual | plural | |
| nominative | *griHwáH | *griHwáy | *griHwā́s |
| vocative | *griHway | *griHwáy | *griHwā́s |
| accusative | *griHwā́m | *griHwáy | *griHwā́s |
| instrumental | *griHwáyaH́ | *griHwáHbʰyā(m) | *griHwáHbʰiš |
| ablative | *griHwáyaHs | *griHwáHbʰyā(m) | *griHwáHbʰyas |
| dative | *griHwáyaHy | *griHwáHbʰyā(m) | *griHwáHbʰyas |
| genitive | *griHwáyaHs | *griHwāyās | *griHwáHnām |
| locative | *griHwáyaH(m) | *griHwāyaw | *griHwáHsu |
Descendants
[edit]- Proto-Indo-Aryan: *griHwáH
- Proto-Iranian: *griHwáH
- Avestan: 𐬔𐬭𐬍𐬎𐬎𐬁 (grīuuā)
- Pashto: ګروه (grë́wa), ګروې (grë́we), ګرېوه (gréwá)
- Middle Persian: (/grīw/)[2]
- Book Pahlavi script: [Book Pahlavi needed] (CWLE), [Book Pahlavi needed] (glyw')
- ⇒ Proto-Iranian: *griHwáHnah (“neck, collar”)
- Pashto: گرېوان (grewā́n), گرېبان (grebā́n)
- ⇒ Middle Persian:
- Book Pahlavi: [script needed] (glywbʾn' /grīwbān/, “neck-guard”)
- Persian: گریبان (geribân, garibân, “collar”)[4]
- → Ancient Greek: κλί̄βανον (klí̄banon, “cuirass”) [since the 4th century] [5]
- ⇒ Ancient Greek: κλῑβανάριος (klībanários, “cuirassier”) [since the 4th century] (or from a Middle Persian *grīwbānvar)
- → Latin: clībanum (“cuirass”) [since the 4th century]
- ⇒ Latin: clībanārius (“cuirassier”) [since the 4th century]
- → Old Armenian: գրապան (grapan), գրապանակ (grapanak)
- Proto-Nuristani: *grīwí (“collar, neck”) (< *griHwíyaH)
References
[edit]- ^ Lubotsky, Alexander (2011) The Indo-Aryan Inherited Lexicon (in progress) (Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Project), Leiden University
- ^ MacKenzie, D. N. (1971) A concise Pahlavi dictionary, London, New York, Toronto: Oxford University Press
- ^ Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “گری”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
- ^ Steingass, Francis Joseph (1892) “گریبان”, in A Comprehensive Persian–English dictionary, London: Routledge & K. Paul
- ^ Rundgren, Frithiof (1957) “Über einige iranische Lehnwörter im Lateinischen und Griechischen”, in Orientalia Suecana[1], volume 6, pages 31–51