Reconstruction:Proto-Iranian/pr̥štáh

This Proto-Iranian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Iranian

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Iranian *pr̥štʰás, from Proto-Indo-European *pr̥-sth₂-ós, from *per- + *steh₂- + *-ós.

Noun

*pr̥štáh m^[1]^[2]^[3]

back, spine

Inflection

masculine a-stem
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*pr̥štáh	*pr̥štā́(w)	*pr̥štā́h(ah)
vocative	*pŕ̥šta	*pŕ̥štā(w)	*pŕ̥štāh(ah)
accusative	*pr̥štám	*pr̥štā́(w)	*pr̥štā́nh
instrumental	*pr̥štáH	*pr̥štáybʰyā(m)	*pr̥štā́yš
ablative	*pr̥štā́t	*pr̥štáybʰyā(m)	*pr̥štáybʰyah
dative	*pr̥štā́y	*pr̥štáybʰyā(m)	*pr̥štáybʰyah
genitive	*pr̥štáhya	*pr̥štáyāh	*pr̥štā́naHam
locative	*pr̥štáy	*pr̥štáyaw	*pr̥štáyšu

Descendants

Central Iranian:
- Younger Avestan: 𐬞𐬀𐬭𐬱𐬙𐬀 m (paršta)
Northeastern Iranian:
- Proto-Scythian:
  - Ossetian: фӕрцы (færcy)
  - Proto-Saka-Wakhi:
    - Khotanese: [script needed] (palšti)
    - Wakhi: pərt
- Sogdo-Bactrian:
  - Khwarezmian: pšk
  - Proto-Sogdic:
    - Sogdian:
      Buddhist: [script needed] (prch /⁠paṙč⁠/)
      
      Manichaean script: 𐫛𐫡𐫝𐫏 (prcy)
    - Yaghnobi: pušt
Southeastern Iranian:
- Ormuri-Parachi:
  - Ormuri: [script needed] (pat)
  - Parachi: puṭ
- Pamir:
  - Munji-Yidgha:
    - Munji: [script needed] (pə́šḱa)
    - Yidgha: [script needed] (piščo)
  - Sanglechi: pērs
  - Sarikoli: pīst
- Pashto: پښتۍ f (puẍtë́y, “rib”); پرشا (përšā́, “back”, adv.)
Northwestern Iranian:
- Kurdish:
  Northern Kurdish: pişt
  
  Central Kurdish: پشت (pişt)
- Zaza-Gurani:
  - Gurani: پەشت (pašt)
  - Zazaki: pışt
Southwestern Iranian:
- Middle Persian:
  Book Pahlavi script: 𐮾𐮵𐯀𐯁𐮵 (pwšt' /⁠pušt⁠/)
  - Persian: پشت (pošt)
→ Old Armenian: պաշտ- (pašt-) (in պաշտպան (paštpan)), փուշտ- (pʻušt-) (in փուշտիպան (pʻuštipan))

References

^ Steblin-Kamenskij, I.M. (1999), “pərt”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ vaxanskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Wakhi Language] (in Russian), Saint Petersburg: Peterburgskoje Vostokovedenije, →ISBN
^ Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992–2001), “prsthá-¹”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 165-166
^
^{The template Template:R:iir-nur:Hegedus:2012 does not use the parameter(s): 1=160
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.}Hegedűs, Irén (2012), “The RUKI-rule in Nuristani”, in Benedicte Nielsen Whitehead, Thomas Olander, Birgit Anette Olsen, Jens Elmegard Rasmussen, editors, Sound of Indo-European: Papers on Indo-European Phonetics, Phonemics and Morphophonemics (Copenhagen Studies in Indo-European)‎^[2], volume 4, Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanum Press, published 2012, →ISBN

[1] Steblin-Kamenskij, I.M. (1999), “pərt”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ vaxanskovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Wakhi Language] (in Russian), Saint Petersburg: Peterburgskoje Vostokovedenije, →ISBN

[2] Mayrhofer, Manfred (1992–2001), “prsthá-¹”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 165-166

[3] {The template Template:R:iir-nur:Hegedus:2012 does not use the parameter(s): 1=160
Please see Module:checkparams for help with this warning.}Hegedűs, Irén (2012), “The RUKI-rule in Nuristani”, in Benedicte Nielsen Whitehead, Thomas Olander, Birgit Anette Olsen, Jens Elmegard Rasmussen, editors, Sound of Indo-European: Papers on Indo-European Phonetics, Phonemics and Morphophonemics (Copenhagen Studies in Indo-European)‎^[2], volume 4, Copenhagen: Museum Tusculanum Press, published 2012, →ISBN

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