Reconstruction:Proto-Malayo-Polynesian/gakgak

This Proto-Malayo-Polynesian entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Malayo-Polynesian

Etymology

Unknown, probably onomatopoeic.

Noun

*gakgak

1. caw, as a crow
2. raucous talking of people

Descendants

• Western Indonesian
  • Greater North Borneo
    • Proto-Malayic:
      • Malayic
        • Malay: gagak (“crow”)
          • > Indonesian: gagak (“crow”) (inherited)
        • Brunei Malay: gagak (“crow”)
  • Old Javanese: gāgā (“crow”), gāgak, gagak
    • → Balinese: ᬕᬵᬕᬵ (gaga, “crow”)
    • Javanese: ꦒꦒꦏ꧀ (gagak)
• Proto-Philippine:
  • Northern Luzon
    • Northeastern Luzon
      • Dupaningan Agta: gakgak (“crow”)
  • Greater Central Philippine
    • Central Philippine
      • Tagalog: gakgak (“idle talk, babble, chatter; idle talker, babbler, chatterer”)

References

• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*gakgak”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI
• Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen (2010–), “*gakgak”, in The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary