Reconstruction:Proto-Semitic/kull-

Proto-Semitic

Alternative reconstructions

• kʷall-

Etymology

From Proto-Afroasiatic *ʔa-kʷall-.

Noun

*kull- m or f

1. all
2. every

Inflection

Declension of *kull-

Case	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*kullum	*kullāna	plural stem + *-ūna
Genitive	*kullim	*kullayna	plural stem + *-īna
Accusative	*kullam
possessive forms
1st person	*kullī / *kullVya	—	*kullVni
2nd person m	*kullVka	*kullVkumā / *kullVkumay	*kullVkum(ū)
2nd person f	*kullVki		*kullVkin(ā)
3rd person m	*kullVšu	*kullVšumā / *kullVšumay	*kullVšum(ū)
3rd person f	*kullVša		*kullVšin(ā)
Note: the endings -m and -na are dropped in the bound form, which may also undergo syncopation of an unstressed final vowel where possible. Note: the ending -V before the possessive endings responds to case: *kulluya for nom. case, *kulliya for gen. case, *kullaya for acc. case, etc. Declension of 2sg m. possessive form (your/thy m.) *kull- Singular Dual Plural Nominative *kulluka *kullāka plural stem + *-ūka Genitive *kullika *kullayka plural stem + *-īka Accusative *kullaka Declension of 2sg f. possessive form (your/thy f.) *kull- Singular Dual Plural Nominative *kulluki *kullāki plural stem + *-ūki Genitive *kulliki *kullayki plural stem + *-īki Accusative *kullaki

Descendants

• East Semitic:
  • Akkadian: kalûm (kalûm), 𒆕𒀀𒁉
• West Semitic:
  • Central Semitic:
    • Arabic: كُلّ (kull)
    • Northwest Semitic:
      • Aramaic: Assyrian Neo-Aramaic: כֹּל (kol)
        • Classical Syriac: ܟܾܠ (kul)
      • Canaanite:
        • Ugaritic: 𐎋𐎍 (kl)
        • Phoenician: 𐤊𐤋 (kl)
        • Hebrew כֹּל (kol)
  • Ethiopian Semitic:
    • Ge'ez: ኵል (kʷəll)