Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-y

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology 1

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *-ūˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *-uh₂.

Suffix

*-y f

1. Forms nouns from adjectives.

   *ľuby (“love”) ← *ľubъ

   *cěly ← *cělъ (“whole”)

   *dorgy (“dearness”) ← *dorgъ (“dear, expensive”)

   *męky ← *mękъ

   *ploty (“roach”) ← **plotъ? (“flat?”)

2. Forms nouns from nouns?

   *moky (“wetland”) ← *mokъ? \ *moknǫti

   *mǫty ← *mǫtъ? \ *mǫtiti?

   *koty (“anchor”) ← *kotъ (“cat”)

   *kroky ← *krokъ?

Declension

Declension of *-y (hard v-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*-y	*-ъvi	*-ъvi
genitive	*-ъve	*-ъvu	*-ъvъ
dative	*-ъvi	*-ъvьma, *-ъvama*	*-ъvьmъ, *-ъvamъ*
accusative	*-ъvь	*-ъvi	*-ъvi
instrumental	*-ъvьjǫ, *-ъvľǫ**	*-ъvьma, *-ъvama*	*-ъvьmi, *-ъvami*
locative	*-ъve	*-ъvu	*-ъvьxъ, *-ъvaxъ*
vocative	*-y	*-ъvi	*-ъvi

^* -ьmъ/etc. are the original consonant-stem endings, while -amъ/etc. are later Common Slavic endings formed by analogy with a-stems.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Derived terms

Category Proto-Slavic v-stem nouns not found

See also

• *-yni, *-yšь, *-uxa

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “плотва”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “моква”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1988), “*ljuby”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 15 (*lětina – *lokačь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 185
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1976), “*cěly”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 3 (*bratrьcь – *cьrky), Moscow: Nauka, page 181
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*dorgy”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 78
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1992), “*męky”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 18 (*matoga – *mękyšьka), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 250
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1994), “*mǫty”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 20 (*morzatъjь – *mъrsknǫti), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 148
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1992), “*moky”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 19 (*męs⁽'⁾arь – *morzakъ), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 149
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1994), “*mosk(ъ)va”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 20 (*morzatъjь – *mъrsknǫti), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 19
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1984), “*koty”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 11 (*konьcь – *kotьna(ja)), Moscow: Nauka, page 213
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1985), “*kroky”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 12 (*koulъkъ – *kroma/*kromъ), Moscow: Nauka, page 183

Etymology 2

From Proto-Indo-European *-ō.

Suffix

*-y m

1. Forms nouns

   *pьrsty (“ring”) ← *pьrstъ (“finger”)

   *greby (“comb”) ← *greti (“to dig”)

   *peky (“cooked meat”) ← *peťi (“to cook”)

Declension

Declension of *-y (n-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*-y	*-eni	*-ene
genitive	*-ene	*-enu	*-enъ
dative	*-eni	*-enьma	*-enьmъ
accusative	*-enь	*-eni	*-eni
instrumental	*-enьmь	*-enьma	*-enьmi
locative	*-ene	*-enu	*-enьxъ
vocative	*-eny	*-eni	*-ene

Derived terms

Proto-Slavic masculine n-stem nouns

Related Terms

• *-my