Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/děža

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *daiźjāˀ, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰoyǵʰyeh₂, from *dʰeyǵʰ- (“to knead”).

Noun

*dě̄žà f

1. kneading trough

Inflection

Declension of *dě̄žà (soft a-stem, accent paradigm b)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*dě̄žà	*dě̃ži	*dě̄žę̇̀
genitive	*dě̄žę̇̀	*dě̄žù	*dě̃žь
dative	*dě̄žì	*dě̄žàma	*dě̄žàmъ
accusative	*dě̄žǫ̀	*dě̃ži	*dě̄žę̇̀
instrumental	*dě̄žèjǫ, *dě̃žǫ**	*dě̄žàma	*dě̄žàmī
locative	*dě̄žì	*dě̄žù	*dě̄žàsъ, *dě̄žàxъ*
vocative	*děže	*dě̃ži	*dě̄žę̇̀

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Related terms

• *zidъ, *zьdь (“wall”)
• *zьdati (“to build”)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Belarusian: дзяжа́ (dzjažá)
  • Russian: дежа́ (dežá)
  • Ukrainian: діжа́ (dižá); дейжа́ (dejžá), дежа́ (dežá) (dialectal)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic: дѣжа (děža)
  • Serbo-Croatian: (“milking-tub”) (archaic, regional)

    Cyrillic script: ди́жа, ди̑жва, дижица, де̑жа

    Latin script: díža, dȋžva, dižica, dȇža

  • Slovene: dẹ́ža, díža (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: diežě
    • Czech: díže
  • Old Polish: dzieża
    • Polish: dzieża
    • Silesian: dzieża
  • Old Slovak: dieža
    • Slovak: dieža
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: źěža
    • Upper Sorbian: dźěža

• Non-Slavic:
  • → Hungarian: dézsa
  • → Romanian: déjă, déje
  • → Yiddish: דייזשע (deyzhe)
  • → Lithuanian: dėžė
  • → Samogitian: diežie

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973), “дежа”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*děža”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 23