Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dyxati

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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Formed as *dyxъ (“whiff”) +‎ *-ati, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *dáuṣas, from Proto-Indo-European *dʰus-, *dʰūs-, *dʰwes- (“to blow”), see also Latvian dvest (“to breathe”), Lithuanian dūsúoti (“to breathe heavily”).[1]

Verb[edit]

*dyxàti impf (perfective *dyxnǫti)[2][3][4]

  1. to breathe

Inflection[edit]

Original:

Conjugation of *dyxati, *dyxa, *dyšetь (impf., -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm a)
Suffix: *-ati
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*dyxanьje *dyxati *dyxatъ *dyxalъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *dyxanъ *dyšemъ
Active *dyxavъ *dyšę
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *dyxaxъ *dyxa *dyxa *dyšǫ *dyšeši *dyšetь
Dual *dyxaxově *dyxasta *dyxaste *dyševě *dyšeta *dyšete
Plural *dyxaxomъ *dyxaste *dyxašę *dyšemъ *dyšete *dyšǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *dyxaaxъ *dyxaaše *dyxaaše — *dyši *dyši
Dual *dyxaaxově *dyxaašeta *dyxaašete *dyšivě *dyšita —
Plural *dyxaaxomъ *dyxaašete *dyxaaxǫ *dyšimъ *dyšite —

Secondary:

Conjugation of *dyxati, *dyxa, *dyxajetь (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm a)
Suffix: *-ati
Verbal noun Infinitive Supine L-participle
*dyxanьje *dyxati *dyxatъ *dyxalъ
Participles
Tense Past Present
Passive *dyxanъ *dyxajemъ
Active *dyxavъ *dyxaję
Aorist Present
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *dyxaxъ *dyxa *dyxa *dyxajǫ *dyxaješi *dyxajetь
Dual *dyxaxově *dyxasta *dyxaste *dyxajevě *dyxajeta *dyxajete
Plural *dyxaxomъ *dyxaste *dyxašę *dyxajemъ *dyxajete *dyxajǫtь
Imperfect Imperative
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Singular *dyxaaxъ *dyxaaše *dyxaaše — *dyxaji *dyxaji
Dual *dyxaaxově *dyxaašeta *dyxaašete *dyxajivě *dyxajita —
Plural *dyxaaxomъ *dyxaašete *dyxaaxǫ *dyxajimъ *dyxajite —

Derived terms[edit]

Descendants[edit]

Further reading[edit]

  • Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “ды́хать”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
  • Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1978), “*dyxati”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 5 (*dělo – *dьržьlь), Moscow: Nauka, page 199
  • Georgiev, Vladimir I., editor (1971), “дихам, дихвам, дихна”, in Български етимологичен речник [Bulgarian Etymological Dictionary] (in Bulgarian), volumes 1 (А – З), Sofia: Bulgarian Academy of Sciences Pubg. House, →ISBN, page 398

References[edit]

  1. ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) “268-71”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 1, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, pages 268-71
  2. ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*dyxati”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 131: “‘breathe’”
  3. ^ Olander, Thomas (2001) “dyxati: dyšǫ dyšetь”, in Common Slavic Accentological Word List‎[1], Copenhagen: Editiones Olander: “a? ånde (PR 133)”
  4. ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “dihati”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “*dyxa̋ti”
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