Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/lъža

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Verbal noun of *lъgati +‎ *-ja.

Noun

*lъža f

1. lie

Declension

Declension of *lъža (soft a-stem)

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	*lъža	*lъži	*lъžę̇
genitive	*lъžę̇	*lъžu	*lъžь
dative	*lъži	*lъžama	*lъžamъ
accusative	*lъžǫ	*lъži	*lъžę̇
instrumental	*lъžejǫ, *lъžǫ**	*lъžama	*lъžami
locative	*lъži	*lъžu	*lъžasъ, *lъžaxъ*
vocative	*lъže	*lъži	*lъžę̇

^* -asъ is the expected Balto-Slavic form but is found only in some Old Czech documents; -axъ is found everywhere else and is formed by analogy with other locative plurals in -xъ.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Alternative forms

• *lъžь (i-stem)

Derived terms

• *lъžavъ, *lъživъ
• *lъževьnъ
• *lъžьnъ

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: лжа (lža)
    • Russian: лжа (lža)
    • Ukrainian: лжа (lža), олжа́ (olžá)
• South Slavic:
  • Old Church Slavonic: лъжа (lŭža)
  • Bulgarian: лъжа́ (lǎžá)
  • Macedonian: лажа (laža)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ла̏жа

    Latin script: lȁža

  • Slovene: laža
• West Slavic:
  • Old Polish: łeż, łża
  • Sorbian:
    • Lower Sorbian: łdža
    • Upper Sorbian: łža

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “лжа”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1990), “*lъža”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 16 (*lokadlo – *lъživьcь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 256