Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/liňati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Probably derived from Proto-Balto-Slavic *leinás + *-jati. Stem cognate with Lithuanian leĩnas (“thin, slender”).

Vasmer proposes further relation to *lěnъ (“lazy, sluggish”).

Verb

*liňati impf

1. to moult
2. (by extension) to fade, to wither

Conjugation

Conjugation of *liňati, *liňa, *liňajetь (?, -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*liňanьje	*liňati	*liňatъ	*liňalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*liňanъ	*liňajemъ
Active	*liňavъ	*liňaję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*liňaxъ	*liňa	*liňa	*liňajǫ	*liňaješi	*liňajetь
Dual	*liňaxově	*liňasta	*liňaste	*liňajevě	*liňajeta	*liňajete
Plural	*liňaxomъ	*liňaste	*liňašę	*liňajemъ	*liňajete	*liňajǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*liňaaxъ	*liňaaše	*liňaaše	—	*liňaji	*liňaji
Dual	*liňaaxově	*liňaašeta	*liňaašete	*liňajivě	*liňajita	—
Plural	*liňaaxomъ	*liňaašete	*liňaaxǫ	*liňajimъ	*liňajite	—

Related terms

• *liniti (causative)
• *liněti (stative)

Descendants

• East Slavic:
  • Belarusian: ліня́ць (linjácʹ); ліна́ць (linácʹ) ліні́цца (linícca) (dialectal)
  • Middle Russian: линѧ́ть (linjátʹ) (16ᵗʰ cent.)
    • Russian: линя́ть (linjátʹ); лина́ть (linátʹ) (dialectal)
  • Ukrainian: линя́ти (lynjáty)
    • ⇒ Ukrainian: ви́линяти (výlynjaty), полиня́ти (polynjáty)
• South Slavic:
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: лѝњати

    Latin script: lìnjati

• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: línati
    • Czech: línat
  • Polish: liniać
  • Slovak: liеniť
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: linać
    • Lower Sorbian: linaś

Further reading

• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1988), “*lin'ati (sę)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 15 (*lětina – *lokačь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 109
• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “линять”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Martynaŭ, V. U., editor (1989), “ліня́ць”, in Этымалагічны слоўнік беларускай мовы [Etymological Dictionary of the Belarusian Language] (in Belarusian), volumes 5 (ка́яць – ліпя́нка), Minsk: Navuka i technika