Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/maxati

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *māˀs-, from Proto-Indo-European *meh₂s-, from Proto-Indo-European *(s)meh₂- (“to beckon”). Baltic cognates include Lithuanian mosúoti (“to wave”). See *majati (“to wave, to beckon”) for more.

Verb

*māxàti impf

1. to wave

Inflection

Conjugation of *maxati, *maxa, *mašetь (impf., -a/j-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Suffix: *-ati

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*maxanьje	*maxati	*maxatъ	*maxalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*maxanъ	*mašemъ
Active	*maxavъ	*mašę

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*maxaxъ	*maxa	*maxa	*mašǫ	*mašeši	*mašetь
Dual	*maxaxově	*maxasta	*maxaste	*maševě	*mašeta	*mašete
Plural	*maxaxomъ	*maxaste	*maxašę	*mašemъ	*mašete	*mašǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*maxaaxъ	*maxaaše	*maxaaše	—	*maši	*maši
Dual	*maxaaxově	*maxaašeta	*maxaašete	*mašivě	*mašita	—
Plural	*maxaaxomъ	*maxaašete	*maxaaxǫ	*mašimъ	*mašite	—

Conjugation of *maxati, *maxa, *maxajetь (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)

Suffix: *-ati

Verbal noun	Infinitive	Supine	L-participle
*maxanьje	*maxati	*maxatъ	*maxalъ

	Participles
Tense	Past	Present
Passive	*maxanъ	*maxajemъ
Active	*maxavъ	*maxaję

	Aorist			Present
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*maxaxъ	*maxa	*maxa	*maxajǫ	*maxaješi	*maxajetь
Dual	*maxaxově	*maxasta	*maxaste	*maxajevě	*maxajeta	*maxajete
Plural	*maxaxomъ	*maxaste	*maxašę	*maxajemъ	*maxajete	*maxajǫtь
	Imperfect			Imperative
Person	1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
Singular	*maxaaxъ	*maxaaše	*maxaaše	—	*maxaji	*maxaji
Dual	*maxaaxově	*maxaašeta	*maxaašete	*maxajivě	*maxajita	—
Plural	*maxaaxomъ	*maxaašete	*maxaaxǫ	*maxajimъ	*maxajite	—

Related terms

• *majati, *mavati (“to wave, to beckon”)
• *manǫti (“to beckon”)
• *mamiti, *maniti (“to deceive”)
• *mȃmъ (“deceit”)
• *mara (“ghost, apparition”)
• *morà (“nightly spirit, nightmare”)
• *matati (“to frighten? to swindle?”)

Descendants

• Church Slavonic: махати (maxati)

• East Slavic:
  • Old East Slavic: махати (maxati)
    • Belarusian: маха́ць (maxácʹ)
    • Russian: маха́ть (maxátʹ)
    • Ukrainian: маха́ти (maxáty)
• South Slavic:
  • Bulgarian: ма́хам (máham)
  • Serbo-Croatian:

    Cyrillic script: ма́хати

    Latin script: máhati

  • Slovene: máhati, maháti (tonal orthography)
• West Slavic:
  • Old Czech: máchati
    • Czech: máchat
  • Old Polish: machać
    • Polish: machać
  • Slovak: máchať
  • Slovincian: machac
  • Sorbian:
    • Upper Sorbian: machać
    • Lower Sorbian: machaś

Further reading

• Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “маха́ть”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
• Chernykh, P. Ja. (1993) “маха́ть”, in Историко-этимологический словарь русского языка [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), 3rd edition, volumes 1 (а – пантомима), Moscow: Russian Lang., →ISBN, page 516
• Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1990), “*maxati, mašǫ (sę)”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 17 (*lъžь – *matješьnъjь), Moscow: Nauka, →ISBN, page 123