Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/xybati
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This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence. |
Proto-Slavic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Equivalent to *xybъ (“wobble”) + *-ati. Traditionally viewed as cognate with Sanskrit क्षुभ्यति (kṣubhyati, “to shake, be agitated”), probably from Proto-Indo-European *kʷsewbʰ-.
Compare also Lithuanian sūbóti (“to swing”) (also compared with synonymous Proto-Slavic *zybati), Proto-Germanic *skupjaną (“to scoff; to skip”).
Verb
[edit]*xybàti impf (perfective *xybnǫti)[1][2]
Inflection
[edit]Conjugation of *xybati, *xyba, *xybajetь (impf., -a-, s-aorist, accent paradigm ?)
| Verbal noun | Infinitive | Supine | L-participle |
|---|---|---|---|
| *xybanьje | *xybati | *xybatъ | *xybalъ |
| Participles | ||
|---|---|---|
| Tense | Past | Present |
| Passive | *xybanъ | *xybajemъ |
| Active | *xybavъ | *xybaję |
| Aorist | Present | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *xybaxъ | *xyba | *xyba | *xybajǫ | *xybaješi | *xybajetь |
| Dual | *xybaxově | *xybasta | *xybaste | *xybajevě | *xybajeta | *xybajete |
| Plural | *xybaxomъ | *xybaste | *xybašę | *xybajemъ | *xybajete | *xybajǫtь |
| Imperfect | Imperative | |||||
| Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 1st | 2nd | 3rd |
| Singular | *xybaaxъ | *xybaaše | *xybaaše | — | *xybaji | *xybaji |
| Dual | *xybaaxově | *xybaašeta | *xybaašete | *xybajivě | *xybajita | — |
| Plural | *xybaaxomъ | *xybaašete | *xybaaxǫ | *xybajimъ | *xybajite | — |
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]- *xybiti, *xyběti (“to swindle, to confuse”)
- *xybъkъ (“perturbed”)
- *šibati (“to beat, to whip”)
- *xvěti (“to sway”) (possibly)
- *zybati (“to rock, to oscillate”) (possibly)
Descendants
[edit]- East Slavic:
- South Slavic:
- Slovene: híbati (tonal orthography)
- West Slavic:
Further reading
[edit]- Vasmer, Max (1964–1973) “хибать”, in Oleg Trubachyov, transl., Этимологический словарь русского языка [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), Moscow: Progress
- Trubachyov, Oleg, editor (1981), “*xybati”, in Этимологический словарь славянских языков [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), numbers 8 (*xa – *jьvьlga), Moscow: Nauka, page 153
- “suboti”, in Lietuvių kalbos etimologinio žodyno duomenų bazė [Lithuanian etymological dictionary database], 2007–2012
References
[edit]- ^ Derksen, Rick (2008) “*xybati”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, →ISSN, page 207: “v. ‘sway’”
- ^ Snoj, Marko (2016) “híba”, in Slovenski etimološki slovar [Slovenian Etymology Dictionary] (in Slovene), 3rd edition, https://fran.si: “Pslovan. *xyba̋ti”