Reconstruction:Proto-Tungusic/e-

This Proto-Tungusic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Tungusic

Prefix

*e-

1. not

   Synonym: *ā(n)-

2. denotes negativity on verbs.

   *e- → *esinbi (“I don't (present)”) (or *esībi ?)

   *e- → *ečinbi (“I didn't”) (or *ečēbi ?)

   *e- → *etēnbi (“I won't”)

   *e- → *eǯī (“Don't!”)

   *gada esinbi.

   I don't take [it].

Descendants

• Tungusic:
  • North Tungusic:
    • Even: э- (ə-)
    • Evenki: э- (ə-), эмӣ (əmī)
    • Negidal: э- (e-)
    • Oroqen: ə-
    • Solon: e-
  • South Tungusic:
    • Central:
      • Oroch: э- (e-), эӡи (eʒi-)
      • Udihe: э- (e-), эйни (ejni)
    • South-Eastern:
      • Orok: э- (e-)
      • Ulch: эӡи (eʒi)

References

• Cincius, V. I. (1977) Сравнительный словарь тунгусо-маньчжурских языков [Comparative Dictionary of Tungus-Manchu Languages] (in Russian), volume 2, Leningrad: Nauka, page 432