Reconstruction:Proto-Turkic/kāĺ
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Proto-Turkic
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Comparable to Proto-Tungusic *gula (“edge, eyelashes”), Proto-Uralic *kuľma (“eyebrow, eye corner”), see Finnish kulma. Compare also Mongolian гулдан (guldan, “arch”). (Can this(+) etymology be sourced?)
Noun
[edit]*kāĺ
Declension
[edit]Declension of *kāĺ
Singular 3) | |
---|---|
Nominative | *kāĺ |
Accusative | *kāĺnï, *kāĺïg 4), *kāĺnïg 1) |
Genitive | *kāĺnïŋ |
Dative | *kāĺka |
Locative | *kāĺta |
Ablative | *kāĺtan |
Allative | *kāĺgaru |
Instrumental 2) | *kāĺïn |
Equative 2) | *kāĺča |
Similative 2) | *kāĺlayu |
Comitative 2) | *kāĺlïgu |
1) Possibly in Pre-Proto-Turkic.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
4) Found in the Old Turkic era.
2) The original instrumental, equative, similative & comitative cases have fallen into disuse in many modern Turkic languages.
3) Plurality is disputed in Proto-Turkic. See also the notes on the Proto-Turkic/Locative-ablative case and plurality page in Wikibooks.
4) Found in the Old Turkic era.
Descendants
[edit]- Common Turkic:
- Arghu:
- Khalaj: qâş
- Proto-Oghuz: *kāš
- Karluk:
- Kipchak: قاش (qaš), cas — Codex Cumanicus
- Siberian:
References
[edit]- Starostin, Sergei, Dybo, Anna, Mudrak, Oleg (2003) “*K(i)āĺ”, in Etymological dictionary of the Altaic languages (Handbuch der Orientalistik; VIII.8), Leiden, New York, Köln: E.J. Brill
- Clauson, Gerard (1972) “ka:ş”, in An Etymological Dictionary of pre-thirteenth-century Turkish, Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 669