Reconstruction:Proto-West Germanic/kaupijan

This Proto-West Germanic entry contains reconstructed terms and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-West Germanic

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *kaupijaną. Equivalent to *kaupō (“merchant, innkeeper”) +‎ *-jan.

Verb

*kaupijan

1. to buy

   Synonyms: *buggjan, *kaupōn

2. to trade

   Synonyms: *kaupōn, *mangōn

Inflection

Class 1 weak
Infinitive	*kaupijan
1st sg. past	*kaupidā
Infinitive	*kaupijan
Genitive infin.	*kaupijannjas
Dative infin.	*kaupijannjē
Instrum. infin.	*kaupijannju
Indicative	Present	Past
1st singular	*kaupiju	*kaupidā
2nd singular	*kaupisi	*kaupidēs, *kaupidōs
3rd singular	*kaupiþi	*kaupidē, *kaupidā
1st plural	*kaupijum	*kaupidum
2nd plural	*kaupiþ	*kaupidud
3rd plural	*kaupijanþ	*kaupidun
Subjunctive	Present	Past
1st singular	*kaupijē	*kaupidī
2nd singular	*kaupijēs	*kaupidī
3rd singular	*kaupijē	*kaupidī
1st plural	*kaupijēm	*kaupidīm
2nd plural	*kaupijēþ	*kaupidīd
3rd plural	*kaupijēn	*kaupidīn
Imperative	Present
Singular	*kaupi
Plural	*kaupiþ
	Present	Past
Participle	*kaupijandī	*kaupid

Descendants

• Old English: ċīepan, ċȳpan
  • Middle English: chepen (merged with descendant of *kaupōn)
    • Scots: chepe, cheip
    • English: cheap
• Old Saxon: kōpian
  • Middle Low German: kö̂pen
    • Low German: köpen
• Old Dutch: *kōpen
  • Middle Dutch: côpen (merged with descendant of *kaupōn)
    • Dutch: kopen
      • Afrikaans: koop
      • Berbice Creole Dutch: kopu
      • Negerhollands: koop, kop
      • Skepi Creole Dutch: kop
• Old High German: koufen
  • Old High German: koufen, keufen
    • German: käufen