User:Sartma/akk-verb

G stem (I-1)

Paradigm

parāsum - iparras - iptaras - iprus - purus - pārisum - parsum (paris-)

Type	Infinitive	Class	Durative	Perfect	Preterite	Imperative	Participle	Verbal Adjective (base)
Sound verbs	PaRāSum	a	iPaRRaS	iPtaRaS	iPRaS	PaRaS (irr: PiRaS)	PāRiSum	PaRSum (PaRVS-: mostly V=i, but sometimes V=a or V=u)
		a-u			iPRuS	PuRuS
		u	iPaRRuS	iPtaRuS
		i	iPaRRiS	iPtaRiS	iPRiS	PiRiS
	PeRēSum		iPeRReS/iPaRRiS	iPteReS/iPtaRiS	iPReS/iPRiS	PeReS/PiRiS
Type	Infinitive	Class	Durative	Perfect	Preterite	Imperative	Participle	Verbal Adjective (base)
III-weak verbs	PaRûm	a	iPaRRa	iPtaRa	iPRa	PiRa	Pārûm (PāRi-)	PaRûm (PaRi-)
		u	iPaRRu	iPtaRu	iPRu	PuRu
		i	iPaRRi	iPtaRi	iPRi	PiRi
	PeRûm	e	iPeRRe/iPaRRe	iPteRe	iPRe	PeRe/PiRe	PēRûm (PēRi-)	PeRûm/PaRûm (PeRi-/PaRi)

Sound verbs (old)

G Stem

• Infinitive: R₁aR₂āR₃um
• Durative (3rd person singular): iR₁a (/e)R₂R₂V₁R₃
• Preterite (3rd person singular): iR₁R₂V₂R₃
• Imperative (second person singular): R₁V_{2 (irreg: i)}R₂V₂R₃

Class a-u

• V₁ = a, V₂ = u

parāsum G (durative iparras, preterite iprus)

Class a

• V₁ = V₂ = a

ṣabātum G (durative iṣabbat, preterite iṣbat)

Irregular imperative

• 5 class a verbs have irregular imperative: lamādum, rakābum, palāḫum, takālum, pašāḫum:

  palāḫum G (durative ipallaḫ, preterite iplaḫ, imperative pilaḫ)

Class i

• V₁ = V₂ = i

šarāqum G (durative išarriq, preterite išriq)

Class e

• Some class i verbs have e where a/i are expected, but regular forms can also be found:

qerēbum G (durative iqerreb/iqarrib, preterite iqreb/iqrib)

Class u

• V₁ = V₂ = u

maqātum G (durative imaqqut, preterite imqut)

III-weak verbs

• Third-week verbs work exactly like sound verbs, but they've lost the last consonant. The V of the preterite is always the same as the V of the durative (so there's no class a-u verbs)

G Stem

• Infinitive: R₁aR₂ûm
• Durative (3rd person singular): iR₁a (/e)R₂R₂V₁
• Preterite (3rd person singular): iR₁R₂V₂
• Imperative (second person singular): R₁V_{2 (all class a and, as a variant to e, also class e: i)}R₂V₂

Class a

• V₁ = V₂ = a

malûm G (durative imalla, preterite imla, imperative mila)

Class e

• Some class a verbs have e instead of a, but the form with a can also be found:
• V₁ = V₂ = e

leqûm G (durative ileqqe/ilaqqe, preterite ilqe, imperative leqe/liqe)

Class i

• V₁ = V₂ = i

banûm G (durative ibanni, preterite ibni, imperative bini)

Class u

• V₁ = V₂ = u

manûm G (durative imannu, preterite imnu, imperative munu)

I-weak verbs

I-n

G Stem

• Infinitive: naR₂āR₃um
• Durative (3rd person singular): inaR₂R₂V₁R₃
• Preterite (3rd person singular): iR₂R₂V₂R₃
• Imperative (second person singular): V₂R₂V₂R₃

• Same rules as sound verbs apply to first-n verbs in the durative. In the preterite the initial n (R₁) assimilates to R₂, producing a reduplication of R₂. The N disappears from the imperative. E.g.:

  nadānum (class i, durative inaddin, preterite iddin (from original indin with assimilation of R₁ n to R₂ d), imperative idin)

  naqārum (class a-u, rudartive inaqqar, preterite iqqur, imperative uqur)

I-'

G Stem

• Infinitive: a (/e)R₂ā (/ē)R₃um
• Durative (3rd person singular): iR₂R₂V₁R₃
• Preterite (3rd person singular): īR₂V₂R₃
• Imperative (second person singular): a (/e)R₂V₂R₃

Dual class verbs

• Some verbs might be conjugated following the paradigm of two different classes, depending on the scribe or time period, e.g. epēšum can be class e-u (ippeš/īpuš) or, in later Old Babylonian texts, class u (ippuš/īpuš).

alākum (irregular)

• alākum, class a-i (durative illak, preterite illik, imperative alik)

I-w

• First-w verbs can be either active or stative. Their conjugation will be different, depending on which type they belong to.

G-stem

Active - class a-i

• Infinitive: waR₂āR₃um
• Durative (3rd person singular): uR₂R₂aR₃
• Preterite (3rd person singular): uR₂iR₃
• Imperative (second person singular): R₂iR₃

babālum (irregular)

• babālum, class a-i (durative ubbal, preterite ubil, imperative bil)

Stative - all class i

Stative first-w verbs are conjugated like I-e verbs.

• Infinitive: waR₂āR₃um
• Durative (3rd person singular): iR₂R₂iR₃
• Preterite (3rd person singular): īR₂iR₃
• Imperative (second person singular): — (not attested)

II-weak verbs

II-w

G Stem

• R₂ = w
• Infinitive: R₁âR₃um
• Durative (3rd person singular): iR₁â R₃
• Preterite (3rd person singular): iR₁ūR₃
• Imperative (second person singular): R₁ūR₃

II-y

G Stem

• R₂ = y
• Infinitive: R₁iāR₃um
• Durative (3rd person singular): iR₁īa R₃
• Preterite (3rd person singular): iR₁īR₃
• Imperative (second person singular): R₁īR₃

II-'

II-a

G Stem

• R₂ = a
• Infinitive: R₁âR₃um
• Durative (3rd person singular): iR₁âR₃
• Preterite (3rd person singular): iR₁āR₃
• Imperative (second person singular): R₁āR₃

II-e

G Stem

• R₂ = e (forms with R₂ = a are uncommon, but possible)
• Infinitive: R₁êR₃um
• Durative (3rd person singular): iR₁êR₃
• Preterite (3rd person singular): iR₁ēR₃
• Imperative (second person singular): R₁ēR₃

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Akkadian verb template

Desired template

• {{akk-verb|class=au|imp=i|stem=G}}

Parameters

• |1= > stem (G, D, N, etc)
• |2= > class (au, a, i, u, ai)
• |3= > irregular imperative (only when irregular)

Output example

• {{akk-verb|class=a|imp=i|stem=G}}

  palāḫum G (a) • (durative ipallaḫ, preterite iplaḫ, imperative pilaḫ)

• {{akk-verb|class=i|stem=G}}

  nadānum G (i) • (durative inaddin, preterite iddin, imperative idin)