Wiktionary:Bengali transliteration
These are the rules concerning transliteration in Bengali entries.
Consonants[edit]
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bengali letter | ক | খ | গ | ঘ | ঙ | |
| trans. | k | kh | g | gh | ng | |
| IPA | [k] | [kʰ] | [g] invalid IPA characters (g), replace g with ɡ | [gʱ] invalid IPA characters (g), replace g with ɡ | [ŋ] | |
| Bengali letter | চ | ছ | জ | ঝ | ঞ | |
| trans. | c | ch | j | jh | n | |
| IPA | [tʃ], [ts], [s] invalid IPA characters (][][) | [tʃʰ], [s] invalid IPA characters (][) | [dʒ], [dz], [z] invalid IPA characters (][][) | [dʒʱ], [z] invalid IPA characters (][) | [n] | |
| Bengali letter | ট | ঠ | ড | ঢ | ণ | |
| trans. | ţ | ţh | ḑ | ḑh | n | |
| IPA | [ʈ] | [ʈʰ] | [ɖ] | [ɖʱ] | [n] | |
| Bengali letter | ত | থ | দ | ধ | ন | |
| trans. | t | th | d | dh | n | |
| IPA | [t̪] | [t̪ʰ] | [d̪] | [d̪ʱ], [d̪] invalid IPA characters (][) | [n] | |
| Bengali letter | প | ফ | ব | ভ | ম | |
| trans. | p | ph | b | bh | m | |
| IPA | [p] | [pʰ], [f] invalid IPA characters (][) | [b] | [bʱ], [v] invalid IPA characters (][) | [m] | |
| Bengali letter | য | র | ল | শ | ষ | |
| trans. | j | r | l | s, sh | sh | |
| IPA | [dʒ], [z] invalid IPA characters (][) | [ɾ], [ɹ] invalid IPA characters (][) | [l] | [s], [ʃ] invalid IPA characters (][) | [ʃ] | |
| Bengali letter | স | হ | য় | ড় | ঢ় | |
| trans. | sh, s | h | ẹ (or nothing), ẏ, ẇ (after ô, o or u) | ŗ | ŗh | |
| IPA | [ʃ], [s] invalid IPA characters (][) | [ɦ] | [e̯] or silent | [ɽ], [ɾ], [ɹ] invalid IPA characters (][][) | [ɽ], [ɾ], [ɹ] invalid IPA characters (][][) | |
Vowels[edit]
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| short | independent | অ | ই | উ | ঋ | এ | ও |
| diacritic | inherent | ি | ু | ৃ | ে | ো | |
| trans. | ô | i | u | ri | e/ê | o | |
| IPA | [ɔ] | [i] | [u] | [ri] | [e]/[æ] invalid IPA characters (]/[) | [o] | |
| long | independent | আ | ঈ | ঊ | ঐ | ঔ | |
| diacritic | া | ী | ূ | ৈ | ৌ | ||
| trans. | a | i | u | oi | ow | ||
| IPA | [ɑ] | [i] | [u] | [oi] | [ow] | ||
Diacritics[edit]
Bishôrgo[edit]
The bishôrgo (ঃ) is transliterated h when pronounced as such. When it geminates the following consonant, this is represented by doubling said consonant. If the consonant is one that is represented in transliteration with two letters (such as kh or sh) only the first is doubled (kkh or ssh).
Côndrôbindu[edit]
The nasal diacritic ঁ (ṁ) (চন্দ্রবিন্দু (côndrôbindu), the candrabindu) is represented by a tilde diacritic:
- ỗ, ã, ẽ, ĩ, ũ, etc.
Conjuncts[edit]
Conjuncts are transliterated as they are pronounced. While the pronunciation of some conjuncts is evident by their components, others are pronounced quite differently than the spelling would suggest. ক্ষ (the conjunct of ক (k) and ষ (sh)) is pronounced kh, and thus is transliterated as such. Others include the following:
The pronunciations of conjuncts ending in ্য such as ক্য and ধ্য do not reflect the presence of the য, but lengthen the pronunciation of the preceding consonant and therefore are transliterated by said consonant's doubling. Thus ক্য and ধ্য are transliterated kk and ddh.
