Wiktionary:Bengali transliteration
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These are the rules concerning transliteration in Bengali entries.
Consonants[edit]
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
letter | ক | খ | গ | ঘ | ঙ | |
translit. | k | kh | g | gh | ṅ | |
IPA | [k] | [kʰ] | [ɡ] | [ɡʱ] | [ŋ] | |
letter | চ | ছ | জ | ঝ | ঞ | |
translit. | c | ch | j | jh | ◌̃ | |
IPA | [t͡ʃ], [t͡s] | [t͡ʃʰ], [s] | [d͡ʒ], [d͡z] | [d͡ʒʱ], [d͡z] | [◌̃] | |
letter | ট | ঠ | ড | ঢ | ণ | |
translit. | ṭ | ṭh | ḍ | ḍh | n | |
IPA | [ʈ̟] | [ʈ̟ʰ] | [ɖ̟] | [ɖ̟ʱ] | [n] | |
letter | ত | থ | দ | ধ | ন | |
translit. | t | th | d | dh | n | |
IPA | [t̪] | [t̪ʰ] | [d̪] | [d̪ʱ] | [n] | |
letter | প | ফ | ব | ভ | ম | |
translit. | p | ph | b | bh | m | |
IPA | [p] | [pʰ~ɸ~f] | [b] | [bʱ~β~v] | [m] | |
letter | য | র | ল | শ | ষ | |
translit. | j | r | l | ś | ś | |
IPA | [d͡ʒ], [d͡z] | [r] (word-initially), [ɾ] (medially and finally) | [l] | [s̠] | [s̠] | |
letter | স | হ | য় | ড় | ঢ় | |
translit. | ś | h | ẏ/- | ṛ | ṛh | |
IPA | [s̠] | [ɦ] | [e̯], [∅] | [ɽ̟] | [ɽ̟] |
Vowels[edit]
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | |||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
letter | অ | ই | উ | এ | ও | ||
diacritic | inherent | ি | ু | ে | ো | ||
translit. | ô | i | u | e | o | ||
IPA | [ɔ], [ɔ̝~o] | [i] | [u] | [e~æ], [ɛ] | [o] | ||
letter | আ | ঈ | ঊ | ঐ | ঔ | ||
diacritic | া | ী | ূ | ৈ | ৌ | ||
translit. | a | i | u | oi | ou | ||
IPA | [ä~ɑ], [a] (allophonically or dialectically) | [i] | [u] | [oi̯] | [ou̯] |
Others[edit]
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | ||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
letter | ৎ | ং | ঃ | ঁ | ঋ | |
diacritic | ৃ | |||||
translit. | t | ṅ | ḥ | ◌̃ | ri | |
IPA | [t̪] | [ŋ] | [h] | [◌̃] | [ri] |
Ligatures[edit]
Ligatures are transliterated as they are pronounced. While the pronunciation of some ligatures is evident by their components, others are pronounced quite differently than the spelling would suggest. For instance:
- শ + ল = শ্ল (śl)
- জ + ঞ = জ্ঞ (g) (word-initially) or (gg) (in other positions)
- স + ব = স্ব (ś) (word-initially) or (śś) (in other positions)
- ক + ষ = ক্ষ (kh) (word-initially) or (kkh) (in other positions)
- ধ + য = ধ্য (dh) (word-initially) or (ddh) (in other positions)