Wiktionary:Lao transliteration
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These are the rules concerning transliteration in Lao entries. This transliteration is based on LC (Library of Congress) method, also used by the Lao Wiktionary.
Consonants[edit]
| Letter | Initial position | Final position | Tone Class |
|---|---|---|---|
| ກ (ka) | k | k | middle |
| ຂ (kha) | kh | k | high |
| ຄ (kha) | kh | k | low |
| ງ (nga) | ng | ng | low |
| ຈ (cha) | ch | t | middle |
| ສ (sa) | s | t | high |
| ຊ (sa) | s | t | low |
| ຍ (nya) | ny | ny | low |
| ດ (da) | d | t | middle |
| ຕ (ta) | t | t | middle |
| ຖ (tha) | th | t | high |
| ທ (tha) | th | t | low |
| ນ (na) | n | n | low |
| ບ (ba) | b | p | middle |
| ປ (pa) | p | p | middle |
| ຜ (pha) | ph | p | high |
| ຝ (fa) | f | p | high |
| ພ (pha) | ph | p | low |
| ຟ (fa) | f | p | low |
| ມ (ma) | m | m | low |
| ຢ (ya) | y | y | middle |
| ຣ (ra) | r | n | low |
| ລ (la) | l | n | low |
| ວ (wa) | w | w | low |
| ຫ (ha) | h | high | |
| ອ (ʼa) | ' | middle | |
| ຮ (ha) | h | low |
Consonantal digraphs and ligatures[edit]
Consonantal digraphs and ligatures are all high tone class.
| Letter | Transliteration |
|---|---|
| ຫງ (nga) | ng |
| ຫຍ (nya) | gn |
| ໜ (na) or ຫນ (na) | n |
| ໝ (ma) or ຫມ (ma) | m |
| ຫຼ (la) or ຫຣ (ra) | r |
| ຫຼ (la) or ຫລ (la) | l |
| ຫວ (wa) | w |
Short vowels[edit]
| Letter | Transliteration |
|---|---|
| -ະ, -ັ | a |
| -ິ | i |
| -ຶ | ư |
| -ຸ | u |
| ເ-ະ, ເ-ັ | e |
| ແ-ະ, ແ-ັ | æ |
| ໂ-ະ, -ົ | o |
| ເ-າະ, -ັອ- | ǫ |
| ເ-ິ | œ |
| ເ-ັຍ, -ັຽ- | ia |
| ເ-ຶອ | ưa |
| -ົວະ, -ັວ- | ua |
| ໄ-, ໃ-, -ັຍ | ai |
| ເ-ົາ | ao |
| -ຳ | am |
Long vowels[edit]
| Letter | Transliteration |
|---|---|
| -າ | ā |
| -ີ | ī |
| -ື | ư̄ |
| -ູ | ū |
| ເ- | ē |
| ແ- | ǣ |
| ໂ- | ō |
| -ໍ, -ອ- | ǭ |
| ເ-ີ | œ̄ |
| ເ-ຍ, -ຽ- | īa |
| ເ-ືອ | ư̄a |
| -ົວ, -ວ- | ūa |
| -າຍ | āi |
Numerals[edit]
| Lao numeral | Hindu-Arabic numerals |
|---|---|
| ໐ (0) | 0 |
| ໑ (1) | 1 |
| ໒ (2) | 2 |
| ໓ (3) | 3 |
| ໔ (4) | 4 |
| ໕ (5) | 5 |
| ໖ (6) | 6 |
| ໗ (7) | 7 |
| ໘ (8) | 8 |
| ໙ (9) | 9 |