asren

Old Irish

Etymology

From ess- +‎ renaid.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [asˈr͈ʲen]

Verb

as·ren (prototonic ·eren, verbal noun éra or éraicc)

1. to pay
2. to give
3. to expend
   • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 18^a14

     As·ririu-sa mo chumang dar far cenn.

     I will expend my power on your pl behalf.

4. to repay, pay off
   • c. 800, Würzburg Glosses on the Pauline Epistles, published in Thesaurus Palaeohibernicus (reprinted 1987, Dublin Institute for Advanced Studies), edited and with translations by Whitley Stokes and John Strachan, vol. I, pp. 499–712, Wb. 25^b6

     As·riri Día dígail dar⟨a n-⟩ési.

     God will repay punishment for them.

Inflection

Complex, class B IV present, reduplicated preterite, i future, a subjunctive

		1st sg.	2nd sg.	3rd sg.	1st pl.	2nd pl.	3rd pl.	Passive sg.	Passive pl.
Present indicative	Deut.		as·renai	as·ren			as·renat	as·renar	as·renaiter
	Prot.			·eren				·ereanar	·eirenaiter
Imperfect indicative	Deut.			as·renad			as·rentais
	Prot.
Preterite	Deut.			as·rir				as·rath
	Prot.
Perfect	Deut.			as·comrair				as·comrad (com-form)
	Prot.			·escomrair				·escomrad (com-form)
Future	Deut.	as·ririu	as·rire	as·riri				as·rirther
	Prot.
Conditional	Deut.			as·rireth
	Prot.
Present subjunctive	Deut.		as·ria	as·ria				as·rethar
	Prot.			·escomra (com-form)			·escomrad (com-form)	·escomraither (com-form)	·escomriter (com-form)
Past subjunctive	Deut.			as·riad
	Prot.
Imperative			ernn		érnem
Verbal noun		éra, éraicc
Past participle
Verbal of necessity

Descendants

• Middle Irish: érnid (“to pay”), érnigid (“to grant”)
  • Irish: éirnigh (“to grant, explain”)

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “asren”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Pedersen, Holger (1913) Vergleichende Grammatik der keltischen Sprachen (in German), volume II, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, →ISBN, page 597