bestämma
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Swedish
[edit]Etymology
[edit]be- + stämma, like German bestimmen
Pronunciation
[edit]Audio: (file)
Verb
[edit]bestämma (present bestämmer, preterite bestämde, supine bestämt, imperative bestäm)
- to decide (from a position of getting to decide things)
- to decide (something) from a position of authority
- Jag bestämmer att kebabsåsen måste göras krämigare
- I'm deciding (as a person who gets to decide things) that the kebab sauce must be made creamier
- to decide (something) from a position of getting to decide things more generally
- Kunderna får själva bestämma vilken sås de vill ha
- Customers get to decide themselves which sauce they want
- Synonym: (often) välja (“choose”)
- to be the one in charge, to be the one calling the shots, to be the one who gets to decide
- Kunderna bestämmer
- Customers (get to) decide
- Jag bestämmer här!
- I am in charge here! / I am the one calling the shots here! / I am the person who decides things here!
- Han bestämmer över skogen
- He is in charge of / gets to decide over / rules the forest
- Kungen bestämde över landet
- The king ruled ("decided over") the country
- Vem bestämmer här?
- Who's in charge / calls the shots here?
- De lät Nisse bestämma
- They let Nisse decide
- Du bestämmer inte över mig!
- You're not my boss!
- to decide (something) from a position of authority
- (reflexive) to decide (as an individual or group)
- De bestämde sig för att beställa pizza
- They decided to order pizza
- Jag kan inte bestämma mig
- I can't make up my mind ("I can't decide")
- to determine (something)
- bestämma avståndet till Jupiter
- determine the distance to Jupiter
- (grammar) to modify
Usage notes
[edit]Like "rule," "be in charge," etc. in sense (sense 1), but general to any role where someone gets to decide things.
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of bestämma (weak)
Active | Passive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | bestämma | bestämmas | ||
Supine | bestämt | bestämts | ||
Imperative | bestäm | — | ||
Imper. plural1 | bestämmen | — | ||
Present | Past | Present | Past | |
Indicative | bestämmer | bestämde | bestäms, bestämmes | bestämdes |
Ind. plural1 | bestämma | bestämde | bestämmas | bestämdes |
Subjunctive2 | bestämme | bestämde | bestämmes | bestämdes |
Participles | ||||
Present participle | bestämmande | |||
Past participle | bestämd | |||
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs. |
Related terms
[edit]References
[edit]- bestämma in Svensk ordbok (SO)
- bestämma in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
- bestämma in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)
- bestämma in Reverso Context (Swedish-English)