caldus

See also: Caldus

Latin

Etymology

Classical Latin syncope of calidus.

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /ˈkal.dus/, [ˈkäɫ̪d̪ʊs̠]
• (Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈkal.dus/, [ˈkäl̪d̪us]

Adjective

caldus (feminine calda, neuter caldum); first/second-declension adjective

1. Syncopic form of calidus (“warm, hot”)

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

Number	Singular				Plural
Case / Gender	Masculine	Feminine	Neuter		Masculine	Feminine	Neuter
Nominative	caldus	calda	caldum		caldī	caldae	calda
Genitive	caldī	caldae	caldī		caldōrum	caldārum	caldōrum
Dative	caldō		caldō		caldīs
Accusative	caldum	caldam	caldum		caldōs	caldās	calda
Ablative	caldō	caldā	caldō		caldīs
Vocative	calde	calda	caldum		caldī	caldae	calda

Descendants

• Balkan Romance:
  • Aromanian: caldu
  • Istro-Romanian: cåd, cǫd
  • Megleno-Romanian: cald
  • Romanian: cald
• Dalmatian:
  • cuolt, kuolt, cuold
• Italo-Romance:
  • Corsican: caldu
  • Italian: caldo
  • Sicilian: càvuru, càudu, càuru, càvudu
• North Italian:
  • Friulian: cjalt, čhald
  • Ligurian: câdo
  • Lombard: cald
  • Piedmontese: càud
  • Romansch: chaud
  • Venetian: calt, caldo
• Gallo-Romance:
  • Franco-Provençal: chôd
  • Old French: chaut, chalt, calt, caut
    • Champenois: tchaud
    • French: chaud
    • Lorrain: tchâd
    • Norman: câod, caûd, caoud
    • Picard: caud, keud (Amiens)
    • Walloon: tchôd
    • → Italian: cialda (from the feminine)
    • → Middle English: chaud
• Occitano-Romance:
  • Catalan: cald
  • Occitan: caud

    Languedocien: cald (dialectal)

    Nord-Occitan: chaud

• Ibero-Romance:
  • Asturian: caldu
  • Old Galician-Portuguese: caldo
    • Galician: caldo
    • Portuguese: caldo
      • → Indonesian: kaldu
  • Spanish: caldo
• Insular Romance:
  • Sardinian: caldu

Further reading

• “caldus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• caldus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• caldus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette