capitalis

Latin

Etymology

From caput (“head”) +‎ -ālis.

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ka.piˈtaː.lis/, [käpɪˈt̪äːlʲɪs̠]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ka.piˈta.lis/, [käpiˈt̪äːlis]

Adjective

capitālis (neuter capitāle, comparative capitālior); third-declension two-termination adjective

1. (relational) head or life
2. deadly, mortal
3. excellent

Declension

Third-declension two-termination adjective.

Number	Singular			Plural
Case / Gender	Masc./Fem.	Neuter		Masc./Fem.	Neuter
Nominative	capitālis	capitāle		capitālēs	capitālia
Genitive	capitālis			capitālium
Dative	capitālī			capitālibus
Accusative	capitālem	capitāle		capitālēs capitālīs	capitālia
Ablative	capitālī			capitālibus
Vocative	capitālis	capitāle		capitālēs	capitālia

Descendants

• Aromanian: capitalj
• Asturian: capital
• Catalan: cabdal, capital
• Dutch: kachtel
• English: capital, cattle, chattel
• French: capital, cheptel
• Friulian: capitâl
• Galician: capital
• Italian: capitale
• Old French: chetel, chatel
• Portuguese: cabedal, capital, caudal
• Romanian: capital
• Romansch: capital, chapital, chapitêl, chapitala, tgapitala
• Sardinian: cabidali, capitali, capitale, caudali
• Sicilian: capitali
• Spanish: capital, caudal
• Venetian: cavedal, capital
• Vilamovian: kapitaoł

References

• “capitalis”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “capitalis”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• capitalis in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• capitalis in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎^[1], London: Macmillan and Co.
  • to be separated by a deadly hatred: capitali odio dissidere ab aliquo (De Am. 1. 2)
    
  • to charge some one with a capital offence: accusare aliquem rei capitalis (rerum capitalium)
    
• “capitalis”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “capitalis”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin