chʼííłtsʼǫǫd

Navajo

Etymology

chʼí- (“out horizontally”) + -y- (3rd person object prefix) + -◌́- (ni-modal 3rd person subject prefix) + -ł- (classifier, causative) + -tsʼǫǫd (imperfective stem of root -TSʼǪ́Ǫ́D, “to stretch”).

Verb

chʼííłtsʼǫǫd

he/she is stretching or pulling it out horizontally (a rope, a wire)

Conjugation

Paradigm: Momentaneous (ni/ni), with partial da-shift.

imperfective	singular	duoplural	plural
1st person	chʼínístsʼǫǫd	chʼíniiltsʼǫǫd	chʼídaniiltsʼǫǫd
2nd person	chʼíníłtsʼǫǫd	chʼínółtsʼǫǫd	chʼídanołtsʼǫǫd
3rd person	chʼííłtsʼǫǫd		chʼídeíłtsʼǫǫd
4th person	chʼíjíłtsʼǫǫd		chʼídajíłtsʼǫǫd

perfective	singular	duoplural	plural
1st person	chʼíníłtsʼǫ́ǫ́d	chʼíniiltsʼǫ́ǫ́d	chʼídaniiltsʼǫ́ǫ́d
2nd person	chʼííníłtsʼǫ́ǫ́d	chʼínoołtsʼǫ́ǫ́d	chʼídanoołtsʼǫ́ǫ́d
3rd person	chʼíiníłtsʼǫ́ǫ́d		chʼídeistsʼǫ́ǫ́d
4th person	chʼízhníłtsʼǫ́ǫ́d		chʼídajistsʼǫ́ǫ́d

future	singular	duoplural	plural
1st person	chʼídeestsʼǫł	chʼídiiltsʼǫł	chʼídadiiltsʼǫł
2nd person	chʼídííłtsʼǫł	chʼídoołtsʼǫł	chʼídadoołtsʼǫł
3rd person	chʼíidoołtsʼǫł		chʼídeidoołtsʼǫł
4th person	chʼízhdoołtsʼǫł		chʼídazhdoołtsʼǫł

Verbal stems

IMPERFECTIVE: -tsʼǫǫd
PERFECTIVE: -tsʼǫ́ǫ́d
FUTURE: -tsʼǫł
ITERATIVE: -tsʼǫʼ
OPTATIVE: -tsʼǫǫd

Related terms

References

Robert W. Young and William Morgan, Sr. (1987), The Navajo Language. A Grammar and Colloquial Dictionary, Albuquerque, New Mexico: University of New Mexico Press, page 292.
Young, Robert; Morgan, William; Midgette, Sally (1992), Analytical lexicon of Navajo, Albuquerque: University of New Mexico Press, →ISBN, page 644