cruaidh

See also: cruadh-

Irish

Etymology 1

Noun

cruaidh f (genitive singular cruadhach)

1. Obsolete spelling of cruach (“steel”).

Declension

Declension of cruaidh

Fifth declension

Bare forms (no plural for this noun): Case Singular Nominative cruaidh Vocative a chruaidh Genitive cruadhach Dative cruaidh

Forms with the definite article: Case Singular Nominative an chruaidh Genitive na cruadhach Dative leis an gcruaidh don chruaidh

Etymology 2

Noun

cruaidh f

1. Obsolete spelling of crua (“hard”).

Adjective

cruaidh (genitive singular feminine cruaidhe, plural cruaidhe, comparative cruaidhe)

1. Obsolete spelling of crua (“hard”).

Declension

Declension of cruaidh

	Singular		Plural (m/f)
Positive	Masculine	Feminine	(strong noun)	(weak noun)
Nominative	cruaidh	chruaidh	cruaidhe; chruaidhe²
Vocative	chruaidh		cruaidhe
Genitive		cruaidhe	cruaidhe	cruaidh
Dative	cruaidh; chruaidh¹	chruaidh	cruaidhe; chruaidhe²
Comparative	níos cruaidhe
Superlative	is cruaidhe

¹ When the preceding noun is lenited and governed by the definite article.
² When the preceding noun ends in a slender consonant.

References

• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “cruaidh”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

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Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish crúaid (“hard, hardy, harsh; stern, strict”), from Proto-Celtic *kroudis, from Proto-Indo-European *krewh₂-.

Adjective

cruaidh

1. hard
2. callous
3. harsh

Derived terms

• bathar-cruaidh (“hardware”)
• clàr cruaidh (“hard disk”)
• cluaran-cruaidh (“sow thistle”)
• raineach chruaidh (“hard fern”)

Noun

cruaidh f (genitive singular cruadhach or cruaidhe, plural cruadhaichean)

1. anchor
2. steel

References

• Edward Dwelly (1911) “cruaidh”, in Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan [The Illustrated Gaelic–English Dictionary]‎^[1], 10th edition, Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “crúaid”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language