dóid

See also: doid

Irish

Pronunciation

• (Munster, Connacht) IPA^(key): /d̪ˠoːdʲ/
• (Ulster) IPA^(key): /d̪ˠɔːdʲ/

Etymology 1

From Old Irish doë, doé, dóit (“upper arm from shoulder to elbow; arm; hand”).

Noun

dóid f (genitive singular dóide, nominative plural dóideanna)

1. (anatomy) hand, fist
2. handful, fistful; lump

Declension

Declension of dóid (second declension)

bare forms singular plural nominative dóid dóideanna vocative a dhóid a dhóideanna genitive dóide dóideanna dative dóid dóideanna forms with the definite article singular plural nominative an dóid na dóideanna genitive na dóide na ndóideanna dative leis an dóid don dóid leis na dóideanna

Derived terms

• dóideog (“little hand, little fist; little lump, sod”)
• iarndóid (“mailed fist; gauntlet”)

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

dóid

1. (Munster) third-person plural present indicative/subjunctive of dóigh (“burn”)

Mutation

Mutated forms of dóid

radical	lenition	eclipsis
dóid	dhóid	ndóid

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

Further reading

• Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904), “dóid”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla [Irish and English Dictionary], 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 252
• Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977), “dóid”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla [Irish–English Dictionary], Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN

Old Irish

Etymology 1

From dí- +‎ fo- + Proto-Celtic *āde (preterite of *essi), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁e-h₁od-e.

Alternative forms

• ·dúaid

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈd̪oːðʲ/

Verb

·dóid

1. third-person singular perfect prototonic of ithid

Related terms

• do·fúaid (deuterotonic)

Etymology 2

Disputed. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *deh₂w- (“to burn”). Matasović suggests that this term, alongside Middle Welsh deifyaw, all derive from Proto-Celtic *dauyeti. Kroonen, however, provides separate origins for each Celtic term, deriving Middle Welsh deifyaw from Proto-Indo-European *dh₂uyéti and Old Irish dóïd from Proto-Indo-European *doh₂w-éye-ti, which may also be the source for Middle Welsh kynneu. According to the linguist Esther Le Mair, the causative form *doh₂w-éye-ti could have yielded Proto-Celtic *dāwīti, whence perhaps the Old Irish term. Alternatively, Le Mair suggests a possible development from Proto-Indo-European *déh₂w-e-ti > *dāweti > Old Irish dóïd or perhaps Proto-Indo-European *déh₂u-ye-ti > *dawiti > Old Irish dóïd.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈd̪oː.əðʲ/
  • (Blasse) [ˈd̪oː.ɪðʲ]
  • (Griffith) [ˈd̪oː.ɨðʲ]

Verb

dóïd (verbal noun doüd)

1. (hapax legomenon) to burn, scorch
   • Epistil Ísu, published in "Cáin Domnaig", Ériu Vol. 2 (1905), pp. 189-214, edited and with translations by J. G. O'Keefe, page 196, section 10

     "Mani forcma[i]d in domnach," ol Fíadu, "ina críchaib córaib, dob·icfat anbthine móra ⁊ lochait immdai tenntide ⁊ torann ⁊ srobtene dóidfes na clanna ⁊ na cenéla ⁊ casra troma ailchide ⁊ nathraig lúamnig ⁊ dob·icfat gennti úam-si..."

     "Unless you observe Sunday," said the Lord, " within its proper boundaries, there shall come great tempests, and much fiery lightning, and thunder, and sulphurous fire, which shall burn tribes and nations, and heavy stony hail-storms, and flying serpents, and heathens shall come to you from me..."

Conjugation

Simple, class A III present, f future

		active						passive
		singular			plural			singular	plural
		1st	2nd	3rd	1st	2nd	3rd
present indicative	abs.
	conj.
	rel.
imperfect indicative
preterite	abs.
	conj.
	rel.
perfect	deut.
	prot.
future	abs.
	conj.
	rel.			dóidfes
conditional
present subjunctive	abs.
	conj.
	rel.
past subjunctive
imperative
verbal noun		doüd
past participle
verbal of necessity

Derived terms

• ad·daí

Descendants

• Middle Irish: dóigid
  • Irish: dóigh
  • Manx: daah
  • Scottish Gaelic: dòth

Further reading

• Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “dóïd”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
• Pedersen, Holger (1913), Vergleichende Grammatik der keltischen Sprachen [Comparative Grammar of the Celtic Languages] (in German), volume II, Göttingen: Vandenhoeck und Ruprecht, →ISBN, § 707, pages 507–508

Mutation

Mutation of ·dóid

radical	lenition	nasalization
·dóid	·dóid pronounced with /ð-/	·ndóid

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in Old Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.