dulakodik
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Hungarian
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]First attested in 1583. From dúl (“to ravage”) + -akodik (frequentative suffix).[1][2]
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]dulakodik
- (intransitive, reciprocal) to grapple, tussle, wrestle, scuffle
Conjugation
[edit]conjugation of dulakodik
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | dulakodom or dulakodok |
dulakodsz | dulakodik | dulakodunk | dulakodtok | dulakodnak | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | dulakodtam | dulakodtál | dulakodott | dulakodtunk | dulakodtatok | dulakodtak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. dulakodni fog. | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | dulakodék | dulakodál | dulakoda | dulakodánk | dulakodátok | dulakodának | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. dulakodik vala, dulakodott vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | dulakodandok | dulakodandasz | dulakodand | dulakodandunk | dulakodandotok | dulakodandanak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | dulakodnék | dulakodnál | dulakodna | dulakodnánk | dulakodnátok | dulakodnának | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. dulakodott volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | dulakodjak or dulakodjam |
dulakodj or dulakodjál |
dulakodjon | dulakodjunk | dulakodjatok | dulakodjanak | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. dulakodott légyen | ||||||||
| Infinitive | dulakodni | dulakodnom | dulakodnod | dulakodnia | dulakodnunk | dulakodnotok | dulakodniuk | ||
| Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
| dulakodás or dulakvás |
dulakodó or dulakvó |
dulakodott | ― | dulakodva (dulakodván) | |||||
potential conjugation of dulakodik
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | dulakodhatok (or dulakodhatom) |
dulakodhatsz | dulakodhat | dulakodhatunk | dulakodhattok | dulakodhatnak | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | dulakodhattam | dulakodhattál | dulakodhatott | dulakodhattunk | dulakodhattatok | dulakodhattak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | dulakodhaték | dulakodhatál | dulakodhata | dulakodhatánk | dulakodhatátok | dulakodhatának | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. dulakodhat vala, dulakodhatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | dulakodhatandok or dulakodandhatok |
dulakodhatandasz or dulakodandhatsz |
dulakodhatand or dulakodandhat |
dulakodhatandunk or dulakodandhatunk |
dulakodhatandotok or dulakodandhattok |
dulakodhatandanak or dulakodandhatnak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | dulakodhatnék | dulakodhatnál | dulakodhatna | dulakodhatnánk | dulakodhatnátok | dulakodhatnának | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. dulakodhatott volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | dulakodhassak | dulakodhass or dulakodhassál |
dulakodhasson | dulakodhassunk | dulakodhassatok | dulakodhassanak | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. dulakodhatott légyen | ||||||||
| Inf. | (dulakodhatni) | (dulakodhatnom) | (dulakodhatnod) | (dulakodhatnia) | (dulakodhatnunk) | (dulakodhatnotok) | (dulakodhatniuk) | ||
| Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (dulakodhatva / dulakodhatván) | ||||
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ dulakodik in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN. (See also its 2nd edition.)
- ^ dúl in Károly Gerstner, editor, Új magyar etimológiai szótár [New Etymological Dictionary of Hungarian] (ÚESz.), Online edition (beta version), Budapest: MTA Research Institute for Linguistics / Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics, 2011–2024.
Further reading
[edit]- dulakodik in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
- dulakodik in Nóra Ittzés, editor, A magyar nyelv nagyszótára [A Comprehensive Dictionary of the Hungarian Language] (Nszt.), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 2006–2031 (work in progress; published a–ez as of 2024).