esternudar

Catalan

Etymology

From (compare Occitan esternudar), from Latin sternūtāre, present active infinitive of sternūtō (compare French éternuer, Spanish estornudar), frequentative of sternuō.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic) [əs.tər.nuˈða]
• IPA^(key): (Valencia) [es.teɾ.nuˈðaɾ]
• Rhymes: -a(ɾ)

Verb

esternudar (first-person singular present esternudo, first-person singular preterite esternudí, past participle esternudat)

1. to sneeze

Related terms

• esternut m

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Occitan

Etymology

From Old Occitan (compare Catalan esternudar), from Latin sternutāre, present active infinitive of sternutō, frequentative of sternuō, whence also French éternuer.

Verb

esternudar

1. to sneeze

Conjugation

    Lengadocian (Central Occitan)

		simple			compound
infinitive		esternudar			aver esternudat
gerund		esternudant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		esternudat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	esternudi	esternudas	esternuda	esternudam	esternudatz	esternudan
	imperfect	esternudavi	esternudavas	esternudava	esternudàvem	esternudàvetz	esternudavan
	preterite	esternudèri	esternudères	esternudèt	esternudèrem	esternudèretz	esternudèron
	future	esternudarai	esternudaràs	esternudarà	esternudarem	esternudaretz	esternudaràn
	conditional	esternudariái	esternudariás	esternudariá	esternudariam	esternudariatz	esternudarián
	conditional 2nd form1	esternudèra	esternudèras	esternudèra	esternuderam	esternuderatz	esternudèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	esternude	esternudes	esternude	esternudem	esternudetz	esternuden
	imperfect	esternudèssi	esternudèsses	esternudèsse	esternudèssem	esternudèssetz	esternudèsson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			esternuda		esternudem	esternudatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Auvernhàs

		simple			compound
infinitive		esternudar			aver esternudat
gerund		esternudant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		esternudat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	esternude	esternudes	esternuda	esternudam	esternudatz	esternudon
	imperfect	esternudave	esternudaves	esternudava	esternudaviam	esternudaviatz	esternudavon
	preterite	esternudere	esternuderes	esternudet	esternudem	esternudetz	esternuderon
	future	esternudarai	esternudaràs	esternudará	esternudarem	esternudaretz	esternudarán
	conditional	esternudariá	esternudariás	esternudariá	esternudariam	esternudariatz	esternudarián
	conditional 2nd form1	esternudèra	esternudèras	esternudèra	esternuderam	esternuderatz	esternudèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	esternude	esternudes	esternude	esternudassiam	esternudassiatz	esternudon
	imperfect	esternudesse	esternudesses	esternudesse	esternudessiam	esternudessiatz	esternudesson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			esternuda		esternudassiam	esternudatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Gascon

		simple			compound
infinitive		esternudar			aver esternudat
gerund		esternudant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		esternudat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	esternudi	esternudas	esternuda	esternudam	esternudatz	esternudan
	imperfect	esternudavi	esternudavas	esternudava	esternudàvam	esternudàvatz	esternudavan
	preterite	esternudèi	esternudès	esternudè	esternudèm	esternudètz	esternudèn
	future	esternudarèi	esternudaràs	esternudarà	esternudaram	esternudaratz	esternudaràn
	conditional	esternudarí	esternudarés	esternudaré	esternudarem	esternudaretz	esternudarén
	conditional 2nd form1	esternudèra	esternudèras	esternudèra	esternuderam	esternuderatz	esternudèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	esternudi	esternudes	esternude	esternudem	esternudetz	esternuden
	imperfect	esternudèssi	esternudèsses	esternudèsse	esternudèssem	esternudèssetz	esternudèssen
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			esternuda		esternudem	esternudatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Lemosin

		simple			compound
infinitive		esternudar			aver esternudat
gerund		esternudant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		esternudat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	esternude	esternudas	esternuda	esternudam	esternudatz	esternudan
	imperfect	esternudava	esternudavas	esternudava	esternudàvam	esternudàvatz	esternudavan
	preterite	esternudei	esternuderas	esternudet	esternudèram	esternudèratz	esternuderan
	future	esternudarai	esternudaràs	esternudará	esternudarem	esternudaretz	esternudarán
	conditional	esternudariá	esternudariàs	esternudariá	esternudariam	esternudariatz	esternudarián
	conditional 2nd form1	esternudèra	esternudèras	esternudèra	esternuderam	esternuderatz	esternudèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	esternude	esternudes	esternude	esternudem	esternudetz	esternuden
	imperfect	esternudèsse	esternudèsses	esternudèsse	esternudèssem	esternudèssetz	esternudèssen
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			esternuda		esternudem	esternudatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

    Provençau

		simple			compound
infinitive		esternudar			aver esternudat
gerund		esternudant			use gerund of aver + past participle
past participle		esternudat			—
person		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		ieu	tu	el	nosautres	vosautres	eles
	present	esternude	esternudes	esternuda	esternudam	esternudatz	esternudan
	imperfect	esternudavi	esternudavas	esternudava	esternudàvem	esternudàvetz	esternudavan
	preterite	esternudère	esternudères	esternudèt	esternuderiam	esternuderiatz	esternudèron
	future	esternudarai	esternudaràs	esternudarà	esternudarem	esternudaretz	esternudaràn
	conditional	esternudariáu	esternudariás	esternudariá	esternudariam	esternudariatz	esternudarián
	conditional 2nd form1	esternudèra	esternudèras	esternudèra	esternuderam	esternuderatz	esternudèran
compound tenses	present perfect	use the present tense of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle
	past anterior	use the preterite tense of aver + past participle
	future perfect	use the future tense of aver + past participle
	conditional perfect	use the conditional tense of aver + past participle
subjunctive		que ieu	que tu	que el	que nosautres	que vosautres	que eles
	present	esternude	esternudes	esternude	esternudem	esternudetz	esternudan
	imperfect	esternudèsse	esternudèsses	esternudèsse	esternudessiam	esternudessiatz	esternudèsson
compound tenses	past	use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle
	pluperfect	use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle
imperative		—	tu	—	nosautres	vosautres	—
			esternuda		esternudem	esternudatz	1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects

Related terms

• esternut