fluctuer

French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin fluctuāre.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /flyk.tɥe/

• Audio (France (Lyon)):

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• Audio (France (Lyon)):

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• Audio (France (Somain)):

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Verb

fluctuer

1. to fluctuate (to vary irregularly; to swing)

Conjugation

Conjugation of fluctuer (see also Appendix:French verbs)

infinitive	simple	fluctuer
	compound	avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1	simple	fluctuant /flyk.tɥɑ̃/
	compound	ayant + past participle
past participle		fluctué /flyk.tɥe/
		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
indicative		je (j’)	tu	il, elle, on	nous	vous	ils, elles
(simple tenses)	present	fluctue /flyk.ty/	fluctues /flyk.ty/	fluctue /flyk.ty/	fluctuons /flyk.tɥɔ̃/	fluctuez /flyk.tɥe/	fluctuent /flyk.ty/
	imperfect	fluctuais /flyk.tɥɛ/	fluctuais /flyk.tɥɛ/	fluctuait /flyk.tɥɛ/	fluctuions /flyk.ty.jɔ̃/	fluctuiez /flyk.ty.je/	fluctuaient /flyk.tɥɛ/
	past historic2	fluctuai /flyk.tɥe/	fluctuas /flyk.tɥa/	fluctua /flyk.tɥa/	fluctuâmes /flyk.tɥam/	fluctuâtes /flyk.tɥat/	fluctuèrent /flyk.tɥɛʁ/
	future	fluctuerai /flyk.ty.ʁe/	fluctueras /flyk.ty.ʁa/	fluctuera /flyk.ty.ʁa/	fluctuerons /flyk.ty.ʁɔ̃/	fluctuerez /flyk.ty.ʁe/	fluctueront /flyk.ty.ʁɔ̃/
	conditional	fluctuerais /flyk.ty.ʁɛ/	fluctuerais /flyk.ty.ʁɛ/	fluctuerait /flyk.ty.ʁɛ/	fluctuerions /flyk.ty.ʁjɔ̃/	fluctueriez /flyk.ty.ʁje/	fluctueraient /flyk.ty.ʁɛ/
(compound tenses)	present perfect	present indicative of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect	imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
	past anterior2	past historic of avoir + past participle
	future perfect	future of avoir + past participle
	conditional perfect	conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive		que je (j’)	que tu	qu’il, qu’elle	que nous	que vous	qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple tenses)	present	fluctue /flyk.ty/	fluctues /flyk.ty/	fluctue /flyk.ty/	fluctuions /flyk.ty.jɔ̃/	fluctuiez /flyk.ty.je/	fluctuent /flyk.ty/
	imperfect2	fluctuasse /flyk.tɥas/	fluctuasses /flyk.tɥas/	fluctuât /flyk.tɥa/	fluctuassions /flyk.tɥa.sjɔ̃/	fluctuassiez /flyk.tɥa.sje/	fluctuassent /flyk.tɥas/
(compound tenses)	past	present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
	pluperfect2	imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative		–	tu	–	nous	vous	–
simple		—	fluctue /flyk.ty/	—	fluctuons /flyk.tɥɔ̃/	fluctuez /flyk.tɥe/	—
compound		—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	simple imperative of avoir + past participle	—
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way: past historic → present perfect past anterior → pluperfect imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive (Christopher Kendris [1995], Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Related terms

• fluctuation

Descendants

• → Dutch: fluctueren

Further reading

• “fluctuer”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé [Digitized Treasury of the French Language], 2012

Latin

Verb

flūctuer

1. first-person singular present passive subjunctive of flūctuō