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2012, Queensland Government, “Hydraulic fracturing (fraccing) in CSG wells”, in Department of Environmental and Resource Management[1], retrieved 2012-01-28:
Fraccing is the process of creating cracks in underground coal seams to increase the flow and recovery of gas or oil out of a well.
2012 January 3, Ralph Benko, “Daniel Yergin's The Quest”, in Forbes[2]:
Moreover, the industry has a great deal of experience with fraccing. More than a million wells have been fracced in the United States since the first frac job six decades ago.
2014, Alireza Bahadori, Natural Gas Processing: Technology and Engineering Design[3] (Technology and Engineering), Gulf Professional Publishing, →ISBN:
Fraccing fluids contain proppants that forced into the natural fractures of fissures of the rock under pressure.