issua
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Votic[edit]
Etymology[edit]
From Proto-Finnic *istudak.
Pronunciation[edit]
Verb[edit]
issua
Inflection[edit]
| Conjugation of issua (type II-1/kuttsua, ss-s gradation) | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative | |||||
| Present | Perfect | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | isun | en isu | 1st singular | õõn issunnu | en õõ issunnu |
| 2nd singular | isud | ed isu | 2nd singular | õõd issunnu | ed õõ issunnu |
| 3rd singular | isub | eb isu | 3rd singular | on issunnu | eb õõ issunnu |
| 1st plural | isummõ | emmä isu | 1st plural | öõmmõ issunnu | emmä õõ issunnu |
| 2nd plural | isuttõ | että isu | 2nd plural | õõttõ issunnu | että õõ issunnu |
| 3rd plural | isuta | eväd isu | 3rd plural | õlla isuttu | eväd õõ isuttu |
| impersonal | isuta | eväd isu | impersonal | õlla isuttu | eväd õõ isuttu |
| Imperfect | Pluperfect | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | issuzin | en issunnu | 1st singular | õlin issunnu | — |
| 2nd singular | issuzid | ed issunnu | 2nd singular | õlid issunnu | — |
| 3rd singular | issu | eb issunnu | 3rd singular | õli issunnu | — |
| 1st plural | issuzimmõ | emmä issunnu | 1st plural | õlimmõ issunnu | — |
| 2nd plural | issuzittõ | että issunnu | 2nd plural | õlittõ issunnu | — |
| 3rd plural | isutti | eväd isuttu | 3rd plural | õlti isuttu | — |
| impersonal | isutti | eväd isuttu | impersonal | õlti isuttu | — |
| Conditional | |||||
| Present | Perfect | ||||
| positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
| 1st singular | issuizin | en issuizʹ | 1st singular | õllõizin issunnu | en õllõizʹ issunnu |
| 2nd singular | issuizid | ed issuizʹ | 2nd singular | õllõizid issunnu | ed õllõizʹ issunnu |
| 3rd singular | issuizʹ | eb issuizʹ | 3rd singular | õllõizʹ issunnu | eb õllõizʹ issunnu |
| 1st plural | issuizimmõ | emmä issuizʹ | 1st plural | õllõizimmõ issunnu | emmä õllõizʹ issunnu |
| 2nd plural | issuizittõ | että issuizʹ | 2nd plural | õllõizittõ issunnu | että õllõizʹ issunnu |
| 3rd plural | isuttaizʹ | eväd isuttaizʹ | 3rd plural | õltaizʹ isuttu | eväd õltaizʹ isuttu |
| impersonal | isuttaizʹ | eväd isuttaizʹ | impersonal | õltaizʹ isuttu | eväd õltaizʹ isuttu |
| Imperative | |||||
| Present | |||||
| positive | negative | ||||
| 1st singular | — | — | |||
| 2nd singular | isu | elä isu | |||
| 3rd singular | issugo | elko issugo | |||
| 1st plural | — | — | |||
| 2nd plural | issuga | elka issuga | |||
| 3rd plural | issugod | — | |||
| impersonal | — | — | |||
| Nominal forms | |||||
| Infinitives | Participles | ||||
| active | passive | ||||
| 1st | issua | present | issujõ1) | — | |
| 2nd | illative | issuma | past | issunnu | isuttu |
| inessive | issumõz | 1) also used as the agent noun | |||
| elative | issumassõ | ||||
| abessive | issumattõ | ||||
References[edit]
- Hallap, V., Adler, E., Grünberg, S., Leppik, M. (2012) “issua”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language], 2nd edition, Tallinn