Tone unknown
|
Infinitive
|
ukujabulela
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
Infinitive
|
ukujabulela
|
ukungajabuleli
|
|
Imperative
|
|
Simple
|
+ object concord
|
Singular
|
jabulela
|
-jabulele
|
Plural
|
jabulelani
|
-jabuleleni
|
|
Present
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyajabulela, ngijabulela
|
engijabulelayo, engijabulela
|
ngijabulela
|
angijabuleli
|
engingajabuleli
|
ngingajabuleli
|
2nd singular
|
uyajabulela, ujabulela
|
ojabulelayo, ojabulela
|
ujabulela
|
awujabuleli
|
ongajabuleli
|
ungajabuleli
|
1st plural
|
siyajabulela, sijabulela
|
esijabulelayo, esijabulela
|
sijabulela
|
asijabuleli
|
esingajabuleli
|
singajabuleli
|
2nd plural
|
niyajabulela, nijabulela
|
enijabulelayo, enijabulela
|
nijabulela
|
anijabuleli
|
eningajabuleli
|
ningajabuleli
|
Class 1
|
uyajabulela, ujabulela
|
ojabulelayo, ojabulela
|
ejabulela
|
akajabuleli
|
ongajabuleli
|
engajabuleli
|
Class 2
|
bayajabulela, bajabulela
|
abajabulelayo, abajabulela
|
bejabulela
|
abajabuleli
|
abangajabuleli
|
bengajabuleli
|
Class 3
|
uyajabulela, ujabulela
|
ojabulelayo, ojabulela
|
ujabulela
|
awujabuleli
|
ongajabuleli
|
ungajabuleli
|
Class 4
|
iyajabulela, ijabulela
|
ejabulelayo, ejabulela
|
ijabulela
|
ayijabuleli
|
engajabuleli
|
ingajabuleli
|
Class 5
|
liyajabulela, lijabulela
|
elijabulelayo, elijabulela
|
lijabulela
|
alijabuleli
|
elingajabuleli
|
lingajabuleli
|
Class 6
|
ayajabulela, ajabulela
|
ajabulelayo, ajabulela
|
ejabulela
|
awajabuleli
|
angajabuleli
|
engajabuleli
|
Class 7
|
siyajabulela, sijabulela
|
esijabulelayo, esijabulela
|
sijabulela
|
asijabuleli
|
esingajabuleli
|
singajabuleli
|
Class 8
|
ziyajabulela, zijabulela
|
ezijabulelayo, ezijabulela
|
zijabulela
|
azijabuleli
|
ezingajabuleli
|
zingajabuleli
|
Class 9
|
iyajabulela, ijabulela
|
ejabulelayo, ejabulela
|
ijabulela
|
ayijabuleli
|
engajabuleli
|
ingajabuleli
|
Class 10
|
ziyajabulela, zijabulela
|
ezijabulelayo, ezijabulela
|
zijabulela
|
azijabuleli
|
ezingajabuleli
|
zingajabuleli
|
Class 11
|
luyajabulela, lujabulela
|
olujabulelayo, olujabulela
|
lujabulela
|
alujabuleli
|
olungajabuleli
|
lungajabuleli
|
Class 14
|
buyajabulela, bujabulela
|
obujabulelayo, obujabulela
|
bujabulela
|
abujabuleli
|
obungajabuleli
|
bungajabuleli
|
Class 15
|
kuyajabulela, kujabulela
|
okujabulelayo, okujabulela
|
kujabulela
|
akujabuleli
|
okungajabuleli
|
kungajabuleli
|
Class 17
|
kuyajabulela, kujabulela
|
okujabulelayo, okujabulela
|
kujabulela
|
akujabuleli
|
okungajabuleli
|
kungajabuleli
|
|
Recent past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngijabulelile, ngijabulelē
|
engijabulelile, engijabulelē
|
ngijabulelile, ngijabulelē
|
angijabulelanga
|
engingajabulelanga
|
ngingajabulelanga
|
2nd singular
|
ujabulelile, ujabulelē
|
ojabulelile, ojabulelē
|
ujabulelile, ujabulelē
|
awujabulelanga
|
ongajabulelanga
|
ungajabulelanga
|
1st plural
|
sijabulelile, sijabulelē
|
esijabulelile, esijabulelē
|
sijabulelile, sijabulelē
|
asijabulelanga
|
esingajabulelanga
|
singajabulelanga
|
2nd plural
|
nijabulelile, nijabulelē
|
enijabulelile, enijabulelē
|
nijabulelile, nijabulelē
|
anijabulelanga
|
eningajabulelanga
|
ningajabulelanga
|
Class 1
|
ujabulelile, ujabulelē
|
ojabulelile, ojabulelē
|
ejabulelile, ejabulelē
|
akajabulelanga
|
ongajabulelanga
|
engajabulelanga
|
Class 2
|
bajabulelile, bajabulelē
|
abajabulelile, abajabulelē
|
bejabulelile, bejabulelē
|
abajabulelanga
|
abangajabulelanga
|
bengajabulelanga
|
Class 3
|
ujabulelile, ujabulelē
|
ojabulelile, ojabulelē
|
ujabulelile, ujabulelē
|
awujabulelanga
|
ongajabulelanga
|
ungajabulelanga
|
Class 4
|
ijabulelile, ijabulelē
|
ejabulelile, ejabulelē
|
ijabulelile, ijabulelē
|
ayijabulelanga
|
engajabulelanga
|
ingajabulelanga
|
Class 5
|
lijabulelile, lijabulelē
|
elijabulelile, elijabulelē
|
lijabulelile, lijabulelē
|
alijabulelanga
|
elingajabulelanga
|
lingajabulelanga
|
Class 6
|
ajabulelile, ajabulelē
|
ajabulelile, ajabulelē
|
ejabulelile, ejabulelē
|
awajabulelanga
|
angajabulelanga
|
engajabulelanga
|
Class 7
|
sijabulelile, sijabulelē
|
esijabulelile, esijabulelē
|
sijabulelile, sijabulelē
|
asijabulelanga
|
esingajabulelanga
|
singajabulelanga
|
Class 8
|
zijabulelile, zijabulelē
|
ezijabulelile, ezijabulelē
|
zijabulelile, zijabulelē
|
azijabulelanga
|
ezingajabulelanga
|
zingajabulelanga
|
Class 9
|
ijabulelile, ijabulelē
|
ejabulelile, ejabulelē
|
ijabulelile, ijabulelē
|
ayijabulelanga
|
engajabulelanga
|
ingajabulelanga
|
Class 10
|
zijabulelile, zijabulelē
|
ezijabulelile, ezijabulelē
|
zijabulelile, zijabulelē
|
azijabulelanga
|
ezingajabulelanga
|
zingajabulelanga
|
Class 11
|
lujabulelile, lujabulelē
|
olujabulelile, olujabulelē
|
lujabulelile, lujabulelē
|
alujabulelanga
|
olungajabulelanga
|
lungajabulelanga
|
Class 14
|
bujabulelile, bujabulelē
|
obujabulelile, obujabulelē
|
bujabulelile, bujabulelē
|
abujabulelanga
|
obungajabulelanga
|
bungajabulelanga
|
Class 15
|
kujabulelile, kujabulelē
|
okujabulelile, okujabulelē
|
kujabulelile, kujabulelē
|
akujabulelanga
|
okungajabulelanga
|
kungajabulelanga
|
Class 17
|
kujabulelile, kujabulelē
|
okujabulelile, okujabulelē
|
kujabulelile, kujabulelē
|
akujabulelanga
|
okungajabulelanga
|
kungajabulelanga
|
|
Remote past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngājabulela
|
engājabulela
|
ngājabulela
|
angijabulelanga
|
engingajabulelanga
|
ngingajabulelanga
|
2nd singular
|
wājabulela
|
owājabulela
|
wājabulela
|
awujabulelanga
|
ongajabulelanga
|
ungajabulelanga
|
1st plural
|
sājabulela
|
esājabulela
|
sājabulela
|
asijabulelanga
|
esingajabulelanga
|
singajabulelanga
|
2nd plural
|
nājabulela
|
enājabulela
|
nājabulela
|
anijabulelanga
|
eningajabulelanga
|
ningajabulelanga
|
Class 1
|
wājabulela
|
owājabulela
|
ājabulela
|
akajabulelanga
|
ongajabulelanga
|
engajabulelanga
|
Class 2
|
bājabulela
|
abājabulela
|
bājabulela
|
abajabulelanga
|
abangajabulelanga
|
bengajabulelanga
|
Class 3
|
wājabulela
|
owājabulela
|
wājabulela
|
awujabulelanga
|
ongajabulelanga
|
ungajabulelanga
|
Class 4
|
yājabulela
|
eyājabulela
|
yājabulela
|
ayijabulelanga
|
engajabulelanga
|
ingajabulelanga
|
Class 5
|
lājabulela
|
elājabulela
|
lājabulela
|
alijabulelanga
|
elingajabulelanga
|
lingajabulelanga
|
Class 6
|
ājabulela
|
ājabulela
|
ājabulela
|
awajabulelanga
|
angajabulelanga
|
engajabulelanga
|
Class 7
|
sājabulela
|
esājabulela
|
sājabulela
|
asijabulelanga
|
esingajabulelanga
|
singajabulelanga
|
Class 8
|
zājabulela
|
ezājabulela
|
zājabulela
|
azijabulelanga
|
ezingajabulelanga
|
zingajabulelanga
|
Class 9
|
yājabulela
|
eyājabulela
|
yājabulela
|
ayijabulelanga
|
engajabulelanga
|
ingajabulelanga
|
Class 10
|
zājabulela
|
ezājabulela
|
zājabulela
|
azijabulelanga
|
ezingajabulelanga
|
zingajabulelanga
|
Class 11
|
lwājabulela
|
olwājabulela
|
lwājabulela
|
alujabulelanga
|
olungajabulelanga
|
lungajabulelanga
|
Class 14
|
bājabulela
|
obājabulela
|
bājabulela
|
abujabulelanga
|
obungajabulelanga
|
bungajabulelanga
|
Class 15
|
kwājabulela
|
okwājabulela
|
kwājabulela
|
akujabulelanga
|
okungajabulelanga
|
kungajabulelanga
|
Class 17
|
kwājabulela
|
okwājabulela
|
kwājabulela
|
akujabulelanga
|
okungajabulelanga
|
kungajabulelanga
|
|
Potential
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngingajabulela
|
—
|
ngingajabulela
|
ngingejabulele
|
—
|
ngingejabulele
|
2nd singular
|
ungajabulela
|
—
|
ungajabulela
|
ungejabulele
|
—
|
ungejabulele
|
1st plural
|
singajabulela
|
—
|
singajabulela
|
singejabulele
|
—
|
singejabulele
|
2nd plural
|
ningajabulela
|
—
|
ningajabulela
|
ningejabulele
|
—
|
ningejabulele
|
Class 1
|
angajabulela
|
—
|
engajabulela
|
angejabulele
|
—
|
engejabulele
|
Class 2
|
bangajabulela
|
—
|
bengajabulela
|
bangejabulele
|
—
|
bengejabulele
|
Class 3
|
ungajabulela
|
—
|
ungajabulela
|
ungejabulele
|
—
|
ungejabulele
|
Class 4
|
ingajabulela
|
—
|
ingajabulela
|
ingejabulele
|
—
|
ingejabulele
|
Class 5
|
lingajabulela
|
—
|
lingajabulela
|
lingejabulele
|
—
|
lingejabulele
|
Class 6
|
angajabulela
|
—
|
engajabulela
|
angejabulele
|
—
|
engejabulele
|
Class 7
|
singajabulela
|
—
|
singajabulela
|
singejabulele
|
—
|
singejabulele
|
Class 8
|
zingajabulela
|
—
|
zingajabulela
|
zingejabulele
|
—
|
zingejabulele
|
Class 9
|
ingajabulela
|
—
|
ingajabulela
|
ingejabulele
|
—
|
ingejabulele
|
Class 10
|
zingajabulela
|
—
|
zingajabulela
|
zingejabulele
|
—
|
zingejabulele
|
Class 11
|
lungajabulela
|
—
|
lungajabulela
|
lungejabulele
|
—
|
lungejabulele
|
Class 14
|
bungajabulela
|
—
|
bungajabulela
|
bungejabulele
|
—
|
bungejabulele
|
Class 15
|
kungajabulela
|
—
|
kungajabulela
|
kungejabulele
|
—
|
kungejabulele
|
Class 17
|
kungajabulela
|
—
|
kungajabulela
|
kungejabulele
|
—
|
kungejabulele
|
|
Immediate future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngizojabulela
|
engizojabulela
|
ngizojabulela
|
angizujabulela
|
engingezujabulela
|
ngingezujabulela
|
2nd singular
|
uzojabulela
|
ozojabulela
|
uzojabulela
|
awuzujabulela
|
ongezujabulela
|
ungezujabulela
|
1st plural
|
sizojabulela
|
esizojabulela
|
sizojabulela
|
asizujabulela
|
esingezujabulela
|
singezujabulela
|
2nd plural
|
nizojabulela
|
enizojabulela
|
nizojabulela
|
anizujabulela
|
eningezujabulela
|
ningezujabulela
|
Class 1
|
uzojabulela
|
ozojabulela
|
ezojabulela
|
akazujabulela
|
ongezujabulela
|
engezujabulela
|
Class 2
|
bazojabulela
|
abazojabulela
|
bezojabulela
|
abazujabulela
|
abangezujabulela
|
bengezujabulela
|
Class 3
|
uzojabulela
|
ozojabulela
|
uzojabulela
|
awuzujabulela
|
ongezujabulela
|
ungezujabulela
|
Class 4
|
izojabulela
|
ezojabulela
|
izojabulela
|
ayizujabulela
|
engezujabulela
|
ingezujabulela
|
Class 5
|
lizojabulela
|
elizojabulela
|
lizojabulela
|
alizujabulela
|
elingezujabulela
|
lingezujabulela
|
Class 6
|
azojabulela
|
azojabulela
|
ezojabulela
|
awazujabulela
|
angezujabulela
|
engezujabulela
|
Class 7
|
sizojabulela
|
esizojabulela
|
sizojabulela
|
asizujabulela
|
esingezujabulela
|
singezujabulela
|
Class 8
|
zizojabulela
|
ezizojabulela
|
zizojabulela
|
azizujabulela
|
ezingezujabulela
|
zingezujabulela
|
Class 9
|
izojabulela
|
ezojabulela
|
izojabulela
|
ayizujabulela
|
engezujabulela
|
ingezujabulela
|
Class 10
|
zizojabulela
|
ezizojabulela
|
zizojabulela
|
azizujabulela
|
ezingezujabulela
|
zingezujabulela
|
Class 11
|
luzojabulela
|
oluzojabulela
|
luzojabulela
|
aluzujabulela
|
olungezujabulela
|
lungezujabulela
|
Class 14
|
buzojabulela
|
obuzojabulela
|
buzojabulela
|
abuzujabulela
|
obungezujabulela
|
bungezujabulela
|
Class 15
|
kuzojabulela
|
okuzojabulela
|
kuzojabulela
|
akuzujabulela
|
okungezujabulela
|
kungezujabulela
|
Class 17
|
kuzojabulela
|
okuzojabulela
|
kuzojabulela
|
akuzujabulela
|
okungezujabulela
|
kungezujabulela
|
|
Remote future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyojabulela
|
engiyojabulela
|
ngiyojabulela
|
angiyujabulela
|
engingeyujabulela
|
ngingeyujabulela
|
2nd singular
|
uyojabulela
|
oyojabulela
|
uyojabulela
|
awuyujabulela
|
ongeyujabulela
|
ungeyujabulela
|
1st plural
|
siyojabulela
|
esiyojabulela
|
siyojabulela
|
asiyujabulela
|
esingeyujabulela
|
singeyujabulela
|
2nd plural
|
niyojabulela
|
eniyojabulela
|
niyojabulela
|
aniyujabulela
|
eningeyujabulela
|
ningeyujabulela
|
Class 1
|
uyojabulela
|
oyojabulela
|
eyojabulela
|
akayujabulela
|
ongeyujabulela
|
engeyujabulela
|
Class 2
|
bayojabulela
|
abayojabulela
|
beyojabulela
|
abayujabulela
|
abangeyujabulela
|
bengeyujabulela
|
Class 3
|
uyojabulela
|
oyojabulela
|
uyojabulela
|
awuyujabulela
|
ongeyujabulela
|
ungeyujabulela
|
Class 4
|
iyojabulela
|
eyojabulela
|
iyojabulela
|
ayiyujabulela
|
engeyujabulela
|
ingeyujabulela
|
Class 5
|
liyojabulela
|
eliyojabulela
|
liyojabulela
|
aliyujabulela
|
elingeyujabulela
|
lingeyujabulela
|
Class 6
|
ayojabulela
|
ayojabulela
|
eyojabulela
|
awayujabulela
|
angeyujabulela
|
engeyujabulela
|
Class 7
|
siyojabulela
|
esiyojabulela
|
siyojabulela
|
asiyujabulela
|
esingeyujabulela
|
singeyujabulela
|
Class 8
|
ziyojabulela
|
eziyojabulela
|
ziyojabulela
|
aziyujabulela
|
ezingeyujabulela
|
zingeyujabulela
|
Class 9
|
iyojabulela
|
eyojabulela
|
iyojabulela
|
ayiyujabulela
|
engeyujabulela
|
ingeyujabulela
|
Class 10
|
ziyojabulela
|
eziyojabulela
|
ziyojabulela
|
aziyujabulela
|
ezingeyujabulela
|
zingeyujabulela
|
Class 11
|
luyojabulela
|
oluyojabulela
|
luyojabulela
|
aluyujabulela
|
olungeyujabulela
|
lungeyujabulela
|
Class 14
|
buyojabulela
|
obuyojabulela
|
buyojabulela
|
abuyujabulela
|
obungeyujabulela
|
bungeyujabulela
|
Class 15
|
kuyojabulela
|
okuyojabulela
|
kuyojabulela
|
akuyujabulela
|
okungeyujabulela
|
kungeyujabulela
|
Class 17
|
kuyojabulela
|
okuyojabulela
|
kuyojabulela
|
akuyujabulela
|
okungeyujabulela
|
kungeyujabulela
|
|
Present subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngijabulele
|
ngingajabuleli
|
2nd singular
|
ujabulele
|
ungajabuleli
|
1st plural
|
sijabulele
|
singajabuleli
|
2nd plural
|
nijabulele
|
ningajabuleli
|
Class 1
|
ajabulele
|
angajabuleli
|
Class 2
|
bajabulele
|
bangajabuleli
|
Class 3
|
ujabulele
|
ungajabuleli
|
Class 4
|
ijabulele
|
ingajabuleli
|
Class 5
|
lijabulele
|
lingajabuleli
|
Class 6
|
ajabulele
|
angajabuleli
|
Class 7
|
sijabulele
|
singajabuleli
|
Class 8
|
zijabulele
|
zingajabuleli
|
Class 9
|
ijabulele
|
ingajabuleli
|
Class 10
|
zijabulele
|
zingajabuleli
|
Class 11
|
lujabulele
|
lungajabuleli
|
Class 14
|
bujabulele
|
bungajabuleli
|
Class 15
|
kujabulele
|
kungajabuleli
|
Class 17
|
kujabulele
|
kungajabuleli
|
|
Past subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngajabulela
|
ngangajabulela, angajabulela, angangajabulela
|
2nd singular
|
wajabulela
|
wangajabulela, awajabulela, awangajabulela
|
1st plural
|
sajabulela
|
sangajabulela, asajabulela, asangajabulela
|
2nd plural
|
najabulela
|
nangajabulela, anajabulela, anangajabulela
|
Class 1
|
wajabulela
|
wangajabulela, akajabulela, akangajabulela
|
Class 2
|
bajabulela
|
bangajabulela, abajabulela, abangajabulela
|
Class 3
|
wajabulela
|
wangajabulela, awajabulela, awangajabulela
|
Class 4
|
yajabulela
|
yangajabulela, ayajabulela, ayangajabulela
|
Class 5
|
lajabulela
|
langajabulela, alajabulela, alangajabulela
|
Class 6
|
ajabulela
|
angajabulela, awajabulela, awangajabulela
|
Class 7
|
sajabulela
|
sangajabulela, asajabulela, asangajabulela
|
Class 8
|
zajabulela
|
zangajabulela, azajabulela, azangajabulela
|
Class 9
|
yajabulela
|
yangajabulela, ayajabulela, ayangajabulela
|
Class 10
|
zajabulela
|
zangajabulela, azajabulela, azangajabulela
|
Class 11
|
lwajabulela
|
lwangajabulela, alwajabulela, alwangajabulela
|
Class 14
|
bajabulela
|
bangajabulela, abajabulela, abangajabulela
|
Class 15
|
kwajabulela
|
kwangajabulela, akwajabulela, akwangajabulela
|
Class 17
|
kwajabulela
|
kwangajabulela, akwajabulela, akwangajabulela
|