khổ sở

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Vietnamese[edit]

Etymology[edit]

Sino-Vietnamese word from 苦楚.

Pronunciation[edit]

(Hà Nội) IPA^(key): [xo˧˩ səː˧˩]
(Huế) IPA^(key): [kʰow˧˨ ʂəː˧˨] ~ [xow˧˨ səː˧˨]
(Hồ Chí Minh City) IPA^(key): [kʰow˨˩˦ ʂəː˨˩˦] ~ [xow˨˩˦ səː˨˩˦]

Adjective[edit]

wretched; miserable

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