kirstu

Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *kirstu (compare Estonian kirst, Votic kirstu), of unknown further origin, but related to Latvian šķirsts (“chest, coffin”) and dialectal Russian ке́рста (kérsta); there is no consensus on the direction of borrowing. The word however cannot be older than Finnic due to the consonant cluster.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkirstu/, [ˈk̟irs̠tu]
• Rhymes: -irstu
• Syllabification^(key): kirs‧tu
• Hyphenation^(key): kirs‧tu

Noun

kirstu

1. chest, trunk

   Synonym: arkku

Declension

Inflection of kirstu (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)
nominative		kirstu	kirstut
genitive		kirstun	kirstujen
partitive		kirstua	kirstuja
illative		kirstuun	kirstuihin
		singular	plural
nominative		kirstu	kirstut
accusative	nom.	kirstu	kirstut
	gen.	kirstun
genitive		kirstun	kirstujen
partitive		kirstua	kirstuja
inessive		kirstussa	kirstuissa
elative		kirstusta	kirstuista
illative		kirstuun	kirstuihin
adessive		kirstulla	kirstuilla
ablative		kirstulta	kirstuilta
allative		kirstulle	kirstuille
essive		kirstuna	kirstuina
translative		kirstuksi	kirstuiksi
abessive		kirstutta	kirstuitta
instructive		—	kirstuin
comitative		See the possessive forms below.

Possessive forms of kirstu (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation)

first-person singular possessor singular plural nominative kirstuni kirstuni accusative nom. kirstuni kirstuni gen. kirstuni genitive kirstuni kirstujeni partitive kirstuani kirstujani inessive kirstussani kirstuissani elative kirstustani kirstuistani illative kirstuuni kirstuihini adessive kirstullani kirstuillani ablative kirstultani kirstuiltani allative kirstulleni kirstuilleni essive kirstunani kirstuinani translative kirstukseni kirstuikseni abessive kirstuttani kirstuittani instructive — — comitative — kirstuineni second-person singular possessor singular plural nominative kirstusi kirstusi accusative nom. kirstusi kirstusi gen. kirstusi genitive kirstusi kirstujesi partitive kirstuasi kirstujasi inessive kirstussasi kirstuissasi elative kirstustasi kirstuistasi illative kirstuusi kirstuihisi adessive kirstullasi kirstuillasi ablative kirstultasi kirstuiltasi allative kirstullesi kirstuillesi essive kirstunasi kirstuinasi translative kirstuksesi kirstuiksesi abessive kirstuttasi kirstuittasi instructive — — comitative — kirstuinesi first-person plural possessor singular plural nominative kirstumme kirstumme accusative nom. kirstumme kirstumme gen. kirstumme genitive kirstumme kirstujemme partitive kirstuamme kirstujamme inessive kirstussamme kirstuissamme elative kirstustamme kirstuistamme illative kirstuumme kirstuihimme adessive kirstullamme kirstuillamme ablative kirstultamme kirstuiltamme allative kirstullemme kirstuillemme essive kirstunamme kirstuinamme translative kirstuksemme kirstuiksemme abessive kirstuttamme kirstuittamme instructive — — comitative — kirstuinemme second-person plural possessor singular plural nominative kirstunne kirstunne accusative nom. kirstunne kirstunne gen. kirstunne genitive kirstunne kirstujenne partitive kirstuanne kirstujanne inessive kirstussanne kirstuissanne elative kirstustanne kirstuistanne illative kirstuunne kirstuihinne adessive kirstullanne kirstuillanne ablative kirstultanne kirstuiltanne allative kirstullenne kirstuillenne essive kirstunanne kirstuinanne translative kirstuksenne kirstuiksenne abessive kirstuttanne kirstuittanne instructive — — comitative — kirstuinenne third-person possessor singular plural nominative kirstunsa kirstunsa accusative nom. kirstunsa kirstunsa gen. kirstunsa genitive kirstunsa kirstujensa partitive kirstuaan kirstuansa kirstujaan kirstujansa inessive kirstussaan kirstussansa kirstuissaan kirstuissansa elative kirstustaan kirstustansa kirstuistaan kirstuistansa illative kirstuunsa kirstuihinsa adessive kirstullaan kirstullansa kirstuillaan kirstuillansa ablative kirstultaan kirstultansa kirstuiltaan kirstuiltansa allative kirstulleen kirstullensa kirstuilleen kirstuillensa essive kirstunaan kirstunansa kirstuinaan kirstuinansa translative kirstukseen kirstuksensa kirstuikseen kirstuiksensa abessive kirstuttaan kirstuttansa kirstuittaan kirstuittansa instructive — — comitative — kirstuineen kirstuinensa

Derived terms

compounds

• kassakirstu
• rahakirstu
• ruumiskirstu

Further reading

• “kirstu”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish]‎^[1] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2 July 2023

Anagrams

• turkis, turski

Votic

Etymology

Borrowed from Finnish kirstu.

Pronunciation

• (Luutsa, Liivčülä) IPA^(key): /ˈkirstu/, [ˈkʲirstu]
• Rhymes: -irstu
• Hyphenation: kirs‧tu

Noun

kirstu

1. chest, trunk
2. coffin

Inflection

Declension of kirstu (type II/võrkko, no gradation)
	singular	plural
nominative	kirstu	kirstud
genitive	kirstu	kirstujõ
partitive	kirstua	kirstuit
illative	kirstusõ, kirstu	kirstuisõ
inessive	kirstuz	kirstuiz
elative	kirstuss	kirstuiss
allative	kirstullõ	kirstuillõ
adessive	kirstull	kirstuill
ablative	kirstult	kirstuilt
translative	kirstussi	kirstuissi
*) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative (sg) or the genitive. ***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive. For dialectal differences between case endings, see Appendix:Votic dialects.

References

• Hallap, V.; Adler, E.; Grünberg, S.; Leppik, M. (2012), “kirstu”, in Vadja keele sõnaraamat [A dictionary of the Votic language]‎^[2], 2nd edition, Tallinn