nájsť

Old Slovak

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₂en-der.

Proto-Balto-Slavic *nō

Proto-Slavic *na

Proto-Slavic *na-

Proto-Indo-European *h₁ey-

Proto-Indo-European *h₁éyti

Proto-Balto-Slavic *éitei

Proto-Slavic *jьti

Proto-Slavic *najьti

Old Slovak nájsť

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *najьti (“to find”).

Verb

nájsť pf

1. to find, to discover, to locate (to behold or uncover someone or something by searching or by chance)
   • 1473, ŽK 1473. In: Historický slovník slovenského jazyka (Bratislava: Veda, 1992):

     ktoz by nassel v druheho kuoň aneb swuoy dobytek

     whoever should find a horse or his own cattle in [the possession of] another

   • 1756, KB 1756. In: Historický slovník slovenského jazyka (Bratislava: Veda, 1992):

     nandete djťa súkénkama obwjnúté a položené w gasličkách

     you shall find the child wrapped in cloths and laid in a manger

2. to catch, to find, to apprehend (to come upon someone while they are engaged in a specific activity) [with pri (+ locative) or na (+ locative) or v (+ locative)]
   • 1583, TRENČÍN 1583. In: Historický slovník slovenského jazyka (Bratislava: Veda, 1992):

     pan nam kazal lapaty, koho tu nagdeme kopagicz

     the master ordered us to seize whomever we find digging here

   • 1729, DRAŽKOVCE 1729. In: Historický slovník slovenského jazyka (Bratislava: Veda, 1992):

     sama twoga žena powedala, že ta try razy na djeucze nassla

     your own wife said that she caught you with the girl three times

3. to obtain, to get, to acquire (to procure or reach a desired state, such as mercy or a friend)
   • 1760, KrP 1760. In: Historický slovník slovenského jazyka (Bratislava: Veda, 1992):

     po kterem naysslo se sedemtisyc a sto hrywen bohatstwy

     after whom there remained [was found] a fortune of seven thousand and one hundred marks

   • 1763, KS 1763. In: Historický slovník slovenského jazyka (Bratislava: Veda, 1992):

     gratiam, veniam invenire: odpússťenj nagjti

     to find grace, favor: to obtain forgiveness

4. to find, to think up, to ascertain (to discover a reason, an error, or a solution through thought)
   • 1670, WO 1670. In: Historický slovník slovenského jazyka (Bratislava: Veda, 1992):

     wjceg pričin nagdeme k vtikani

     we shall find more reasons for fleeing

   • 1721, MBF 1721. In: Historický slovník slovenského jazyka (Bratislava: Veda, 1992):

     negeden to wskutku nassel, že hrozinky hogj kassel

     more people have indeed found that raisins cure a cough

5. (law) to rule, to judge, to decide (of a court or official: to determine a verdict or legal requirement)
   • 1480, L. JÁN 1480 SČL. In: Historický slovník slovenského jazyka (Bratislava: Veda, 1992):

     kdekolwek ty prisezny lyde... nagdu a vkazu, aby tam czesta bola

     wherever those sworn people judge and indicate, let there be a road

   • 1704, JASENICA 1704. In: Historický slovník slovenského jazyka (Bratislava: Veda, 1992):

     prawo mu naslo, abi sa sprawil za sskodu

     the law ruled for him that he must pay for the damage

6. (reflexive with sa) to be found, to exist, to be present (to occur or be located in a place)
   • 1610, ŠŠ 1610. In: Historický slovník slovenského jazyka (Bratislava: Veda, 1992):

     hned se naydu, ktery to odwezugu

     immediately [people] are found who cart it away

7. (reflexive with sa) to appear, to arrive, to present oneself (to show up at a specific time or place)
   • 1599, LACLAVÁ 1599. In: Historický slovník slovenského jazyka (Bratislava: Veda, 1992):

     žebi ste racžily... sem do Laczlawoweg vsy se nagity

     that you might deign... to appear here in the village of Laclavá

   dať sa nájsť ― to pay a visit, to present oneself (literally, “to let oneself be found”)

Descendants

• Slovak: nájsť

Further reading

• Majtán, Milan et al., editors (1991–2008), “nájsť”, in Historický slovník slovenského jazyka [Historical Dictionary of the Slovak Language] (in Slovak), volumes 1–7 (A – Ž), Bratislava: VEDA, →OCLC

Slovak

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₂en-der.

Proto-Balto-Slavic *nō

Proto-Slavic *na

Proto-Slavic *na-

Proto-Indo-European *h₁ey-

Proto-Indo-European *h₁éyti

Proto-Balto-Slavic *éitei

Proto-Slavic *jьti

Proto-Slavic *najьti

Old Slovak nájsť

Slovak nájsť

Inherited from Old Slovak nájsť. By surface analysis, na- +‎ ísť.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /naːjsc/, [ˈnaːɪ̯sc]
• Rhymes: -aːjsc

Verb

nájsť pf (perfective nachádzať or nachodiť)

1. (transitive) to find, to discover, to locate (to discover someone or something by searching or by chance)

   Synonyms: objaviť, zbadať, natrafiť

   nájsť smrť ― to meet one's death (literally, “to find death”)

   Konečne som našiel stratený dáždnik v zaprášenom kúte. ― I finally found the lost umbrella in a dusty corner.

2. (transitive) to uncover, to detect, to reveal (to find through investigation, research, or analysis)

   Synonyms: zistiť, objaviť, odhaliť

   nájsť recept na niečo ― to find a recipe for something (literally, “to find a recipe for something”)

   nájsť spoločnú reč ― to find common ground (literally, “to find common speech”)

   nájsť správny kľúč ― to come up with a good solution (literally, “to find the correct key”)

   Policajti po dlhom pátraní našli stopy páchateľa na mieste činu. ― After a long search, the police found the perpetrator's tracks at the crime scene.

3. (transitive, often reflexive with si) to find (for oneself), to procure, to secure (to obtain something through effort or planning, often for one's benefit)

   Synonyms: získať, zaobstarať

   nenájsť si miesta ― to be restless (literally, “to not find a place for oneself”)

   nájsť si k niekomu cestu ― to reach out to someone (literally, “to find a path to someone”)

   V dnešnej dobe nie je vôbec jednoduché nájsť si dobré a stabilné zamestnanie. ― Nowadays, it is not at all easy to find a good and stable job.

4. (transitive, usually reflexive with si) to find (a partner), to meet (to establish a relationship or get to know someone)

   Synonym: zoznámiť

   Konečne si našiel dievča, ktoré mu naozaj rozumie. ― He finally found a girl who really understands him.

5. (transitive) to come up with, to think of, to arrive at (to reach a solution, expression, or excuse through reasoning)

   Synonyms: dospieť, dôjsť, prísť

   Snažil sa nájsť správne slová, aby nikoho neurazil. ― He tried to find the right words so as not to offend anyone.

6. (transitive) to attain, to gain, to derive (to reach a state of internal satisfaction or spiritual value)

   Synonyms: dosiahnuť, nadobudnúť

   V tichu hôr konečne našiel vytúžený pokoj v duši. ― In the silence of the mountains, he finally found the desired peace of mind.

7. (reflexive with sa) to find oneself (in a situation) (to unexpectedly find oneself in a certain state or condition)

   Synonym: ocitnúť

   Keď sa dvere zavreli, našiel sa v úplnej tme. ― When the doors closed, he found himself in total darkness.

8. (reflexive with sa) to end up, to find oneself (somewhere) (to unexpectedly or suddenly appear at a certain place)

   Synonyms: ocitnúť, vyskytnúť

   Urobil dva neisté kroky v tme a zrazu sa našiel na dlážke. ― He took two uncertain steps in the dark and suddenly found himself on the floor.

9. (reflexive with sa) to be found, to appear, to be present (to emerge or be available as an option or person)

   Synonyms: vyskytnúť, objaviť

   Vždy sa nájde niekto, kto ti ochotne poradí. ― There is always someone (to be found) who will willingly advise you.

10. (reflexive with sa) to find one's place, to fulfill oneself (to apply oneself with success and passion in a field or profession) [with v (+ locative)]

    Synonym: uplatniť

    Odmalička ho bavilo varenie a nakoniec sa našiel v gastronómii. ― He has enjoyed cooking since childhood and finally found himself (his calling) in gastronomy.

11. (reflexive with sa) to find each other, to meet (of two people: to get to know each other and start a relationship)

    Synonym: zoznámiť

    Našli sa na letnej brigáde a odvtedy sú spolu. ― They found each other at a summer job and have been together ever since.

Conjugation

Conjugation of nájsť (perfective; irregular)

infinitive			nájsť
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
past	masculine	našiel som	našiel si	našiel	našli sme	našli ste	našli
	feminine	našla som	našla si	našla
	neuter	našlo som	našlo si	našlo
past perfect	masculine	bol som našiel	bol si našiel	bol našiel	boli sme našli	boli ste našli	boli našli
	feminine	bola som našla	bola si našla	bola našla
	neuter	bolo som našlo	bolo si našlo	bolo našlo
future		nájdem	nájdeš	nájde	nájdeme	nájdete	nájdu
conditional		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
present	masculine	našiel by som	našiel by si	našiel by	našli by sme	našli by ste	našli by
	feminine	našla by som	našla by si	našla by
	neuter	našlo by som	našlo by si	našlo by
past	masculine	bol by som našiel	bol by si našiel	bol by našiel	boli by sme našli	boli by ste našli	boli by našli
	feminine	bola by som našla	bola by si našla	bola by našla
	neuter	bolo by som našlo	bolo by si našlo	bolo by našlo
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
present		—	nájdi	—	nájdime	nájdite	—
non-finite forms		participles				transgressive	verbal noun
		present active	past active	passive	l-participle
		—	—	nájdený	našiel, našla, našlo, našli	nájduc	nájdenie

Conjugation of nájsť sa (perfective; irregular)

infinitive			nájsť sa
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
past	masculine	našiel som sa	našiel si sa	našiel sa	našli sme sa	našli ste sa	našli sa
	feminine	našla som sa	našla si sa	našla sa
	neuter	našlo som sa	našlo si sa	našlo sa
past perfect	masculine	bol som sa našiel	bol si sa našiel	bol sa našiel	boli sme sa našli	boli ste sa našli	boli sa našli
	feminine	bola som sa našla	bola si sa našla	bola sa našla
	neuter	bolo som sa našlo	bolo si sa našlo	bolo sa našlo
future		nájdem sa	nájdeš sa	nájde sa	nájdeme sa	nájdete sa	nájdu sa
conditional		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
present	masculine	našiel by som sa	našiel by si sa	našiel by sa	našli by sme sa	našli by ste sa	našli by sa
	feminine	našla by som sa	našla by si sa	našla by sa
	neuter	našlo by som sa	našlo by si sa	našlo by sa
past	masculine	bol by som sa našiel	bol by si sa našiel	bol by sa našiel	boli by sme sa našli	boli by ste sa našli	boli by sa našli
	feminine	bola by som sa našla	bola by si sa našla	bola by sa našla
	neuter	bolo by som sa našlo	bolo by si sa našlo	bolo by sa našlo
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
present		—	nájdi sa	—	nájdime sa	nájdite sa	—
non-finite forms		participles				transgressive	verbal noun
		present active	past active	passive	l-participle
		—	—	—	našiel sa, našla sa, našlo sa, našli sa	nájduc sa	nájdenie sa

Conjugation of nájsť si (perfective; irregular)

infinitive			nájsť si
indicative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
past	masculine	našiel som si	našiel si si	našiel si	našli sme si	našli ste si	našli si
	feminine	našla som si	našla si si	našla si
	neuter	našlo som si	našlo si si	našlo si
past perfect	masculine	bol som si našiel	bol si si našiel	bol si našiel	boli sme si našli	boli ste si našli	boli si našli
	feminine	bola som si našla	bola si si našla	bola si našla
	neuter	bolo som si našlo	bolo si si našlo	bolo si našlo
future		nájdem si	nájdeš si	nájde si	nájdeme si	nájdete si	nájdu si
conditional		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
present	masculine	našiel by som si	našiel by si si	našiel by si	našli by sme si	našli by ste si	našli by si
	feminine	našla by som si	našla by si si	našla by si
	neuter	našlo by som si	našlo by si si	našlo by si
past	masculine	bol by som si našiel	bol by si si našiel	bol by si našiel	boli by sme si našli	boli by ste si našli	boli by si našli
	feminine	bola by som si našla	bola by si si našla	bola by si našla
	neuter	bolo by som si našlo	bolo by si si našlo	bolo by si našlo
imperative		singular			plural
		first	second	third	first	second	third
present		—	nájdi si	—	nájdime si	nájdite si	—
non-finite forms		participles				transgressive	verbal noun
		present active	past active	passive	l-participle
		—	—	—	našiel si, našla si, našlo si, našli si	nájduc si	nájdenie si

Further reading

• “nájsť”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2026